脊髓型颈椎病动物模型的初步建立

目的　建立脊髓型颈椎病动物模型。方法　 36只短毛豚鼠按处理方法不同随机分成 3组 ,A组 :在C4～C5或C5～C6 椎间盘后缘植入骨形态发生蛋白 (BMP)与聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 (PVP)复合制剂 ;B组 :在椎间盘后缘植入PVP ,C组系假手术组。分别于手术后 4、8、1 2周以斜板试验观察实验动物的运动功能 ,并按计划处死动物 ,对实验节段颈椎进行组织学观察。结果　A组术后 8周起出现运动功能减退 ;B组和C组动物术后各期运动功能无改变。组织学观察 ,A组术后 4周起出现椎体后缘骨质增生 ,占据椎管 ,并出现不同程度的脊髓受压变形和脱髓鞘、神经元脱失等改变 ;B、C组术后各期椎管形态、脊髓等无改变。结论　植入颈椎间盘后缘的BMP可诱导椎间盘及韧带组织骨化、椎体后缘骨质增生 ,并对颈脊髓造成恒定的慢性压迫 ,为开展脊髓型颈椎病的实验研究提供了重要的动物模型。

Establishment of the animal model of cervical spondylotic myelopathy

Objective To establish an animal model of cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Methods Thirty six guineapigs were devided into 3 groups according to different management. Group A were implanted with BMP and PVP compounds at the posterior part of C 4～C 5 or C 5～C 6 intervertebral disc. Group B were implanted with PVP and group C workes as sham operation. Neurological functions was observed at 4,8 and 12 weeks postoperatively and animals were sacrificed at the same time according to plan. The obtained cervical spine were cut in transection and sectioned,stained for histological examination. Results According to inclined test,neurological weakness were found in group A at the time of 8 weeks postoperatively,whereas no guineapigs in group B and C had any neurological disturbance during the observing period. The spinal cords showed different degrees of deformation,demyelination,neuronal loss or chromatolysis from the time of 4 weeks postoperatively in group A. In group B and C,no osteophytes fromed and spinal cord were normal. Conclusions A gradual spinal cord compression was induced by BMP induced osteophytes which provide an valuable animal model for experimental investigatioin of cervical spondylotic myelopathy.