正常成人上臂五大神经分支的高频超声声像图表现与检查方法

目的 探讨正常成人上臂五大神经分支(腋神经、肌皮神经、桡神经、尺神经、正中神经)的高频超声声像图特征及检查方法。方法 使用高频超声检查30名正常成人60侧上臂神经分支,描述并记录声像图特点及检查方法,测量其横截面积。结果 以骨骼、肌肉、肌腱、血管作为解剖标志,高频超声可清晰显示正常成人上臂腋神经、肌皮神经、桡神经、尺神经、正中神经及其与周围骨骼、肌肉、血管的毗邻关系。测得的横截面积分别为:腋神经(5.11±1.54)mm²,肌皮神经(4.85±1.70)mm²,正中神经(11.03±2.13)mm²,尺神经(7.76±2.72)mm²,桡神经(5.08±2.46)mm²。结论 高频超声可作为上臂五大神经分支的首选无创性检查方法。

High-frequency ultrasonic characters and scanning method of upper arm five nervous ramifications of normal adults

Objective To investigate the ultrasonographic characters and the scanning method of high-frequency ultrasound of upper arm five nervous ramifications, including axillary nerve, musculocutaneous nerve, radial nerve, ulnar nerve and median nerve of normal adults. Methods Five nervous ramifications of sixty upper arms in 30 normal adults were examined with high-frequency ultrasound. The ultrasonographic characters and scanning method were described and recorded, and the cross section areas were measured. Results The scanning methods and adjoining relationship of the bones, muscles, vascellums surrounding upper arm five nervous ramifications were illuminated in detail through the anatomic land marks of bones, muscles, tendons and vascellums. The cross section areas of upper arm five nervous ramifications were as follows: Axillary nerve (5.11±1.54)mm², musculocutaneous nerve (4.85±1.70)mm², median nerve (11.03±2.13)mm², ulnar nerve (7.76±2.72)mm², and radial nerve (5.08±2.46)mm². Conclusion As the preferred noninvasive examination, high-frequency ultrasound can be used to depict five nervous ramifications for upper arm.