松香酸通过诱导自噬减轻AGEs诱导的心肌H9c2细胞凋亡和内质网应激反应

目的:本文旨在探索松香酸(abietic acid,AA)对晚期糖基化终末产物(advanced glycosylation end products,AGEs)诱导的心肌H9c2细胞凋亡和内质网应激的影响及其相关机制。方法:H9c2细胞分为5组:对照组加入生理盐水处理24 h;AGEs处理组加入AGEs(100 mg/L)处理24 h;AGEs+AA(10、25和50μmol/L)组同时加入AGEs(100 mg/L)和AA(10、25和50μmol/L)处理24 h。MTT法检测H9c2细胞活力。Western blot分析肌红蛋白(myoglobin,Mb)、肌酸激酶MB同工酶(creatine kinase MB isoenzyme,CK-MB)、心肌肌钙蛋白I(cardiac troponin I,c Tn I)、C/EBP同源蛋白(C/EBP homologous protein,CHOP)、cleaved caspase-12、GADD34、Bi P、LC3、P62和beclin 1的蛋白水平。ELISA检测乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)活性。流式细胞术分析细胞凋亡。结果:低浓度(低于50μmol/L)的松香酸对H9c2细胞活力无明显影响,高浓度(高于50μmol/L)的松香酸会降低H9c2细胞活力。AGEs组Mb、CK-MB和c Tn I蛋白表达及LDH的水平明显高于对照组(P0.05);与AGEs组相比,AGEs+AA(10、25和50μmol/L)组Mb、CK-MB和c Tn I的蛋白表达及LDH的表达水平明显降低(P0.05)。松香酸(10、25和50μmol/L)可抑制AGEs诱导的心肌细胞凋亡、CHOP和cleaved caspase-12蛋白水平的升高及GADD34和Bi P表达的降低(P0.05)。而且,松香酸(10、25和50μmol/L)可抑制AGEs诱导的心肌细胞LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ比值和beclin 1表达的降低及P62表达的升高(P0.05)。自噬抑制剂3-甲基腺嘌呤可逆转松香酸对心肌细胞LC3、Mb、cleaved caspase-12和Bi P蛋白水平的影响(P0.05)。结论:松香酸通过诱导自噬减轻AGEs诱导的心肌H9c2细胞凋亡和内质网应激反应。

Abietic acid alleviates AGEs-induced apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress in cardiomyocytes via inducing autophagy

AIM: This study aims to explore the effect of abietic acid (AA) on advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs)-induced apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. METHODS: H9c2 cells were divided into 5 groups. The cells in control group were treated with saline for 24 h. The cells in AGEs treatment group were treated with AGEs (100 mg/L) for 24 h. The cells in AGEs+AA (10, 25 and 50 μmol/L) groups were simulta-neously treated with AGEs (100 mg/L) and AA (10, 25 and 50 μmol/L) for 24 h. The cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The protein levels of myoglobin (Mb), creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), cleaved caspase-12, GADD34, BiP, LC3, P62 and beclin 1 were determined by Western blot. The levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured by ELASA. The apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The low concentration (<50 μmol/L) of abietic acid had no obvious effect on the viability of H9c2 cells. The high concentration (>50 μmol/L) of abietic acid decreased the viability of H9c2 cells. The levels of Mb, CK-MB, cTnI and LDH in AGEs group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). Compared with AGEs group, the levels of Mb, CK-MB, cTnI and LDH in AGEs+AA (10, 25 and 50 μmol/L) groups were obviously reduced (P<0.05). Abietic acid at concentrations of 10, 25 and 50 μmol/L inhibited AGEs-induced apoptosis, elevated the protein levels of CHOP and cleaved caspase-12, and attenuated expression of GADD34 and BiP (P<0.05). Moreover, abietic acid at concentrations of 10, 25 and 50 μmol/L suppressed AGEs-induced decreased ratio of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ and expression of beclin 1, and enhanced the expression of P62 (P<0.05). 3-Methyladenine, an inhibitor of autophagy, reversed the effect of abietic acid on the protein levels of LC3, Mb, cleaved caspase-12 and BiP (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Abietic acid alleviates AGEs-induced apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress in H9c2 cardiomyocytes via inducing autophagy.