不同水分梯度下垂盆草生长发育、品质及抗氧化活性关系研究

目的研究水分对垂盆草生长发育、有效成分积累及体外抗氧化能力的影响,探索高产优质垂盆草的水分条件。方法设置5个水分处理,分别为田间持水量的15%~20%(S1)、35%~40%(S2)、55%~60%(S3)、75%~80%(S4)、95%~100%(S5),收获时测定生长指标、产量、多种活性成分含量及多种体外抗氧化能力。结果 S4处理显著提高垂盆草最大分枝长、叶片层数、分枝数,而S1处理导致植株生长受抑。总黄酮含量以S4处理最高,S3处理次之,S5处理最低。总酚含量以S3处理最高,但与S4处理无显著差异。各处理槲皮素、山柰素、异鼠李素及三者总含量的差异达到显著水平,均以S1处理最高,S4、S3处理次之,S5处理最低。S4处理获得最高活性成分产量,S5处理次之,S1处理最低。垂盆草水提物清除DPPH自由基、抑制脂质过氧化能力(TBARS法)及还原能力均以S4处理最强。抑制脂质过氧化能力与槲皮素含量、异鼠李素含量、3种黄酮类成分总含量均呈显著正相关。结论综合比较垂盆草药材产量、活性成分含量和抗氧化能力,75%~80%田间持水量的土壤水分利于垂盆草高产优质兼得。

Relationship among growth, quality, and anti-oxidant activities of Sedum sarmentosum under different soil moisture

Objective To explore the effect of soil moisture on growth, bioactivity compounds accumulation, and anti-oxidative activity of Sedum sarmentosum. Methods The changes of growth, yield, contents of total flavonoids, total phenolic, quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin, and anti-oxidant activities were assessed in S. sarmentosum under five water gradient, namely 15%-20% FC (field capacity, S1), 35%-40% FC (S2), 55%-60% FC (S3), 75%-80% FC (S4), and 95%-100% FC (S5). Results S4 treatment greatly promoted the growth and yield while severe drought suppressed growth. The highest total flavonoids content was obtained in S4 treatment, while the lowest was found in S5 treatment. The total phenolic content in S3 treatment was the largest, but there was no significant difference comparing with S4 treatment. Meanwhile, the highest quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin content were obtained from S1, while S5 treatment showed the lowest values. Besides, the yield of three flavone ingredients per plant peaked in S4 treatment, followed by S5 treatment, and the S1 treatment resulted in the smallest yields. In addition, S4 treatment resulted in the highest anti-oxidant activities of the aqueous extracts based on DPPH, TBARS, and FRAP methods. There was a significantly positive relationship among the antioxidant activities of the aqueous extracts based on TBARS, contents of quercetin, isorhamnetin. Conclusion In summary, the results indicated that 75%-80% FC was the optimum soil moisture condition to achieve high yield and quality of S. sarmentosum.