紫苏药理作用及其化学物质基础研究进展

紫苏为我国传统的解表药之一,中国大部分地区均产。紫苏中含有丰富的化学成分,包括挥发油类、脂肪酸类、黄酮类、酚酸类及色素等成分。因其具有发表散寒、行气和胃之功,传统上常用于风寒表证、脾胃气滞、呕吐、鱼蟹中毒等疾病的治疗。研究表明,紫苏除具有基于传统功效的止咳平喘、抑菌、解热、止痛等药理活性外,还具有镇静、抗氧化、抗抑郁、降血压、调节糖脂代谢等多种药理活性。对紫苏的化学成分及其主要药理活性进行综述,并在此基础上进一步探究其药效物质基础,为更好地开发利用紫苏提供参考。

Research process on pharmacological effect and substance basis of Perilla frutescens

Perilla frutescens is one of traditional Chinese diaphoretics, and is produced in many areas of China. The chemical composition is rich in P. frutescens, including volatile oil, aliphatic acids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, coloring matter and so on. Because of the function of relieving superficial pathogenic factors to dissipate cold and promoting qi flowing to regulate the stomach, P. frutescens can be used to treat the diseases of wind-cold, stagnation of gastrosplenic qi, vomiting and poisoning by eating fish and crab. The study showed that P. frutescens exhibited the effects which related with the traditional uses of relieving cough, bacteriostasis, relieving fever, analgesia, etc., and besides, it showed a few new founded effects, such as sedative effects, antioxidative effects, effects of reducing blood pressure, and regulating glucose/lipid metabolism. This paper summarized the research progess on the chemical composition and main pharmacological activities of P. frutescens, and discussed its therapeutic material basis based on the summarise, which could provide a reference for the development of P. frutescens.