基于主成分及聚类分析的川明参的综合评价

目的综合评价不同产地川明参资源的产量和品质,为川明参育种和高产栽培提供理论依据和参考。方法对25份来源于不同产地的川明参栽培居群8个主要农艺性状及2个品质性状进行主成分分析,进一步进行综合评价及聚类分析。结果供试材料的茎叶鲜质量、茎叶干质量、根鲜质量、根干质量、多糖量的变异系数较大,株高、主根长及主根粗的变异系数相对较小。主成分分析表明,10个主要性状可用4个主成分来表述,其累积贡献率达87.304%,分别归纳为高产因子、品质因子、株型因子和株高因子。样品1的综合得分最高,为矮杆高产优质型材料;样品13的综合得分最低,为高杆低产优质型材料。聚类分析可将供试样品分为5类,分别为长根高产优质型、根重劣质型、低产劣质型、高杆低产优质型及矮杆高产优质型材料。结论通过主成分分析及聚类分析对川明参进行综合评价的方法可靠;四川川明参资源丰富,可从中选择优质资源,为川明参新品种选育提供基础。

Comprehensive evaluation of yield and quality of Chuanmingshen violaceum based on principal component and cluster analysis

Objective To comprehensively compare and evaluate the yield and quality of Chuanmingshen violaceum and provide a basis for breeding and high-yield cultivation. Methods The principal component analysis of eight main agronomic characters and two quality characters from 25 cultivated populations of C. violaceum came from different origins in Sichuan Province were analyzed, and the comprehensive evaluation and cluster analysis were carried out. Results The results showed that fresh and dry weight of stem and leaf, fresh and dry weight of root and polysaccharide content had greater coefficients of variation among species, while plant height, length, and diameter of taproot had smaller coefficients of variation. Principal component analysis showed that the 10 main traits might be represented by four principal components, and the cumulative contribution rate was 87.304%, and induced that high yield factor, quality factor, plant type factor, and plant height factor respectively. The comprehensive score of sample 1 was the highest, which was the low-height, high-yield, and good-quality material, and the comprehensive score of sample 13 was the lowest, which was the high-height and high-quality and low-yield material. The test materials could be divided into five types by cluster analysis, namely, long-term and high-yield and high-quality material, heavy-root and poor-quality material, low-yield and poor-quality material, high-height and low-yield and good-quality material, and dwarf and high-yield and good-quality material. Conclusion The comprehensive evaluation method is reliable by the principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The resource of C. violaceum in Sichuan is rich. We can choose some high quality resources among them to provide the basis for the selection of new varieties of Sichuan Province.