脂联素和脂联素受体1在不同病程糖尿病大鼠心肌缺血预适应中的变化

目的:探讨脂联素(APN)和脂联素受体1(Ad-R1)在不同病程糖尿病大鼠离体心肌缺血再灌注(IR)损伤和缺血预适应(IPC)保护作用中的变化。方法:分别用链脲佐菌素和高脂饮食+链脲佐菌素制备1型糖尿病(TIDM)和2型糖尿病(T2DM)大鼠模型,并分别分为4周和8周2个病程组,采用Langendorff法建立离体心脏灌流模型,每组进一步分为正常对照(Con)组、IR组和IPC组3个亚组,检测冠脉流出液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)及肌酸激酶(CK)活性,采用ELISA法检测血清和心肌组织APN水平,采用Western blot法检测心肌组织Ad-R1蛋白表达,测定心肌梗死面积,透射电镜观察心室乳头肌超微结构,并比较上述指标在各组中的差异。结果:与对应的IR组相比,4周时IPC组LDH和CK活性显著降低(P0.01),心肌梗死区域面积明显减少,而8周时DM组的各项检测指标无明显改变。血清APN含量在糖尿病大鼠减低,尤以T2DM降低为甚(P0.05),正常大鼠心肌组织APN含量和Ad-R1表达水平在Con、IR和IPC组之间无差异;T1DM模型大鼠心肌组织APN含量在各亚组间无变化,4周和8周心肌组织Ad-R1表达量IR组较Con组明显增加(P0.01),IPC组较对应IR组Ad-R1表达量降低(P0.01);T2DM模型大鼠心肌组织APN含量4周和8周的IR组较Con组明显减少(P0.05),IPC组较对应IR组,4周组的APN显著升高,8周组无显著差异,心肌Ad-R1表达量4周和8周的IR组较Con组明显增加(P0.05),4周的IPC组较对应IR组Ad-R1表达量降低(P0.05),8周的IPC组较对应IR组Ad-R1表达量无改变。结论:T1DM和T2DM模型大鼠4周组存在IPC保护作用,8周组IPC保护作用基本消失;心肌组织APN和Ad-R1可能参与了T2DM大鼠的IPC保护作用。

Changes of adiponectin and adiponectin receptor 1 in diabetic rats of different courses during myocardial ischemic preconditioning

AIM: To investigate the different effects of adiponectin (APN) and adiponectin receptor 1 (Ad-R1) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and ischemic preconditioning (IPC) in different course of diabetic rats in vitro. METHODS: The rat models of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were successfully established using streptozotocin and high-fat diet plus streptozotocin, respectively. These rats were divided into 2 groups:4 weeks and 8 weeks. The model of isolated cardiac perfusion was established by Langendorff method. Each group was further divided into control (Con) group, IR group and IPC group. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) in coronary effluent was detected. The serum and myocardial levels of APN were determined by ELISA. The expression of Ad-R1 in the myocardial tissues was detected by Western blot. The area of myocardial infarction was detected, and the ultrastructure of ventricular papillary muscle was observed by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: Compared with the corresponding IR group, the activity of LDH and CK in the IPC group at 4 weeks was significantly decreased (P<0.01), and the area of myocardial infarction was significantly reduced. However, no significant difference of each index in DM groups at 8 weeks was observed. Serum APN level was decreased in diabetic rats, especially in T2DM rats (P<0.05). The levels of APN and Ad-R1 in myocardium of normal rats had no difference among Con, IR and IPC groups. The level of APN in myocardium of T1DM rats had no difference in all subgroups, while the expression of Ad-R1 in myocardial tissue of IR group was significantly increased as compared with Con group (P<0.01) and IPC group (P<0.01) both at 4 and 8 weeks. In T2DM rats, the levels of APN in myocardium both at 4 and 8 weeks were decreased in IR group compared with Con group (P<0.05). The level of APN in IR group at 4 weeks was significantly decreased compared with IPC group, but had no significant difference at 8 weeks. The expression of Ad-R1 in myocardial tissue of IR group was significantly increased compared with Con group (P<0.05) both at 4 and 8 weeks. The level of Ad-R1 in IR group at 4 weeks was significantly increased compared with IPC group (P<0.05), but had no significant difference at 8 weeks. CONCLUSION: The protective effect of IPC exists in diabetic rats at 4 weeks, whereas it disappears at 8 weeks. APN and Ad-R1 in myocardium were probably involved in the protective effect of IPC on T2DM rats.