下呼吸道感染痰标本病原学检查和药敏分析

目的探讨5年来下呼吸道感染者痰病原学的变化和药敏情况,为临床合理选用抗生素提供参考。方法采集212例下呼吸道感染痰标本735份,用普通痰培养法进行病原学检查并做药敏分析。结果培养出21种病原菌,共检出189株,革兰阴性杆菌占69.84%,革兰阳性球菌占26.46%,真菌占3.7%。亚胺培南、阿米卡星及头孢哌酮/舒巴坦对各种细菌的敏感性较强。结论下呼吸道感染以革兰阴性菌为主;青霉素类、红霉素、头孢唑林对一般细菌的耐药率都较高,亚胺培南对各种细菌的耐药率都很低。

Pathogenic Test of Sputum Specimen of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection and Analysis on Drug Sensitivity

Objective To discuss the pathogenic change of lower respiratory tract infection and drug sensitivity in the latest five years so as to provide a reference for the selection of antibiotics in clinic.Methods A total of 735 sputum samples(from 212 patients) were tested for pathogen via routine culture and for drug sensitivity analysis.Results A total of 189 strains(of 21 kinds) of pathogen were cultured out.Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 69.84%,Gram-positive cocci for 26.46%,and fungi for 3.7%.The bacteria were sensitive to imipenem,amikacin and cefoperazone/sulbactam.Conclusion Gram-positive bacteria are the main pathogens in lower respiratory tract infection.Although common bacteria are resistant to penicillins,erythromycin and cefazolin,imipenem shows a low drug tolerance to a variety of bacteria.