微卫星标记对高原蕨麻猪的遗传多样性研究

目的探讨蕨麻猪的亲缘关系,遗传多样性,是否受外来血缘的影响。方法用9个微卫星DNA标记对5群猪进行等位基因频率、遗传距离、系统发生树构建和主成分等分析。结果微卫星标记在125个个体中,共检测出148个等位基因,蕨麻猪最少(55个)。蕨麻猪与兰州猪的遗传距离DA和标准遗传距离DS最大,分别为0.6781和1.3312,DA、DS分别用UPGMA和NJ构建了四种系统发生树,都是蕨麻猪聚为一类,其余4种猪聚为一类。主成分1(PC1)为62.174%,看作是蕨麻猪的代表,与其他4群猪差异较大。结论蕨麻猪与兰州、武威、临洮和青海四群猪相比,遗传距离大,主成分差异大,亲缘关系较远,蕨麻猪比较纯,没有受到这4群猪血缘的影响。

Microsatellite Marker Analysis of Genetic Diversity in Plateau Juema Pigs

Objective To explore the genetic relationship and genetic diversity of plateau Juema pigs,and whether it is affected by foreign genealogical factors or not.Methods To analyze the alleles frequency,genetic distance,the phylogenetic tree and principal component etc.by using 9 microsatellite DNA markers in 5 pig populations.Results In 125 individuals from the 5 pig populations,assessed by 9 microsatellites,148 alleles were detected altogether,in which Juema pig is the least(55).The genetic distance D_A value and the standard genetic distance D_S value between Juema and Lanzhou pig populations were the largest,0.6781 and 1.3312,respectively.D_A and D_S formed 4 types of phylogenetic tress by using unweighted pair-group method using the average approach and neighbour-joining.It indicated that Juema pig population is a sort and the other 4 populations are another.As the representative of Juema pig,principal constituent(PC1) was 62.174%,which had major difference from other 4 pig populations.Conclusion Comparing Juema pig with Lanzhou,Wuwei,Lintao and Qinhai pigs,the genetic distance and principal constituent discrepancy of Juema pigs is great,and its genetic relationship is far,therefore Juema pig is purer,not influenced genealogically by the other four pig populations.