生物血管异种移植的初步研究

目的为了寻求一种新的小口径血管代用品,建立异种移植的动物实验模型,以观察异种移植物的安全性、可靠性、通畅性及组织学改变。方法共采用17只杂种雌性犬,实验组10只,植入经环氧化物处理的猪血管移植物;对照组7只,植入人造血管。手术方法为右侧股动静脉瘘。术后通过超声和血管造影方法来观察移植血管的通畅性,并在术后3月将移植物取出,进行病理学检查,观察移植前后移植物的组织学改变。结果术后第一周、二周行Doppler超声检查结果,两组动静脉瘘均通畅,2周内血管通畅率为100%。术后3个月动脉造影检查后,生物血管组(PG)通畅5只,通畅率62.5%,e-PTFE组通畅4只,通畅率66.7%。两组数据统计学处理,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。术后3月对移植物取材,进行光镜及扫描电镜病理学检查,通畅的生物血管吻合口无狭窄,吻合部位有新的内膜覆盖,周围组织无钙化,有新生的内皮细胞覆盖。结论经环氧化物处理的猪的血管移植物(PG)生物血管作为异种移植物,生物相容性好,具有一定的可行性。

A Preliminary Study of Heterogenic Biological Graft Transplatation in Canine Model

Objective In order to establish a substitute material of small-caliber vascular graft,an experiment with heterogenic graft transplantation in canine model was carried out.The study was designed to evaluate the safety,reliability of the epoxy treated porcine blood vessels as vascular graft.Methods 17 female dogs were used in this experiment: 10 dogs received the epoxy treated porcine graft(PG),while the other 7 dogs received standard Gortex e-PTFE grafts(e-PTFE).The animal model was established by using the graft materials to make arteriovenous fistulas of the right femoral artery and vein.In order to evaluate the patency,all the grafts were assessed by Doppler ultrasonic examination and angiography.The grafts were taken out and evaluated by histopathological examination after 3 months.Results The grafts were assessed by Doppler ultrasonic examination at 1 and 2 weeks after operation and showed that all vessels kept free circulation of blood.The patency rate was 100%.Angiography was performed at 1 month after operation,the PG group kept patency in 6 dogs(60%),and e-PTFE group in 5 dogs(71.4%).At 3 months after operation,the angiography showed patency in 5 dogs of PG group(62.5%) and 4 dogs in P group(66.7%).The difference of the patency bewteen the two groups was statistically not significant(P>0.05).The transplanted vessels were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy at 3 months after operation.No stenosis of the anastomotic stoma was found and the endothelial cells were found to be with nomal structure.There were no signs of calcification in the graft and surrounding tissues.Conclusion This preliminary study demonstrated that the epoxy treated porcine blood vessel(PG) as a heterogenous graft is shown to be reliable.However,much more animal research is needed.