金黄地鼠封闭群SPF化后的微卫星遗传学检测

目的检测和评估金黄地鼠封闭群SPF化后的遗传学变化,为SPF金黄地鼠遗传质量的控制提供技术资料。方法应用小鼠和大鼠的微卫星标记筛选适于金黄地鼠遗传检测的微卫星标记,并结合微卫星荧光标记-半自动基因分型技术,对成都生物制品研究所的SPF级金黄地鼠及其来源的普通级金黄地鼠进行遗传检测,计算其群体遗传学参数。结果对18个小鼠和6个大鼠微卫星标记进行了筛选,分别有2个小鼠和2个大鼠微卫星标记在金黄地鼠种群中具PCR扩增多态性。4个检测的微卫星位点在普通级金黄地鼠和SPF金黄地鼠种群分别发现25和20个等位基因,两群体的期望杂合度分别为0.4979和0.5048,其群体遗传多样性无显著差异;群体间的不同微卫星位点FST范围从0.0095到0.0367,平均为0.0315,表明两群体间的遗传分化很弱,其遗传多样性主要存在于群体内;Nei(1972)遗传距离和Nei(1978)无偏遗传距离分别为0.0678和0.0570,表明了2群体之间很高的遗传相似度和非常近的亲缘关系;Hardy-Weinberg平衡检验表明普通级和SPF金黄地鼠分别有2个和3个位点偏离遗传平衡,且偏离位点均表现为杂合子缺陷。结论该SPF金黄地鼠基本保持了其来源普通级黄地鼠的遗传多样性,两群体间遗传分化程度和遗传差异很小,但应进一步加强其封闭群的繁育控制,保持其遗传稳定性。

Genetic Analysis of SPF Golden Hamster Colony and Its Conventional Parent Colony with Microsatellite Markers

Objective To detect and evaluate the genetic diversity and differences between SPF golden hamster population and its parent conventional population,and provide useful information and references for quality control of SPF golden hamsters.Methods Microsatellite markers of mice and rat were adopted to develop markers and methods suitable for genetic monitoring for SPF golden hamster population and its parent conventional population from Chengdu Institute of Biological Products by fluorescence-based semiautomated genotyping method.Genetic diversity and differences of the 2 golden hamster populations were analyzed based on the result of microsatellite alleles.Reslts 2 of 18 rats and 2 of 6 mice microsatellite markers amplified polymorphic loci in gold hamster.25 and 20 alleles were detected in the 4 loci,and the average of unbiased expected heterozygosity was 0.4979 and 0.5048 for conventional population and SPF population,respectively.No significant differences of genetic diversity index were found between populations.The Fst per locus was varied from 0.0095 to 0.0367,and the average Fst of all loci was 0.0315,which implied a poor genetic differentiation between populations,and most of the genetic variation existed within populations.Nei''s(1972) genetic distance and Nei''s(1978) unbiased genetic distance measures between the 2 populations were 0.0678 and 0.0570,respectively,which indicated the close genetic relationship and high genetic identity between them.Above half loci(2/4 and 3/4) for both populations showed significant deviations from HWE,and all deviations were caused by deficiency of heterozygous individuals by using a score test.Conclusion From the above mentioned results,genetic variety is mostly kept during the course of producing SPF animals in the conventional population of gold hamsters,and the genetic differences between the conventional population and SPF population are slight,but a fine propagating program may be required in the course of animal production.