颈静脉孔区计算机建模和三维解剖研究

目的在尸头解剖基础上构建颈静脉孔区计算机三维解剖模型。方法先对5例尸头标本行头颅CT和MR／扫描，动脉和静脉依次灌注混合造影剂乳胶后再次行头颅CT扫描，解剖显露脑干和脑神经后再次行头颅MRI扫描。影像数据输入Vitrea虚拟现实系统，进行三维重建和图像融合，构建颈静脉孔区三维解剖模型。对照尸头解剖进行观察比较。结果Vitrea虚拟现实系统模拟颈静脉孔区三维解剖可视化效果良好，相关解剖结构显示清晰，与尸头观察结果一致。结论计算机颈静脉孔区三维解剖模型有助于无创直观地观察和理解相关解剖结构的整体空间关系，节约时间和标本，为指导相关手术提供解剖依据。

Research of computer modeling and three-dimensional anatomy for jugular foramen region

Objective To establish computer model of three-dimensional anatomy for jugular foramen region based on dissection of cadaver head. Methods CT and MR/scans were performed in five specimens of adult cadaver heads. CT scans were performed again after silicone mixed with contrast agent was injected into arterial and venous systems respectively. MR/scans were performed again after brainstem and cranial nerve exposure. Then, the image data were inputted into Vitrea virtual reality system to build three- dimensional anatomy model of jugular foramen region through three-dimensional restructure and image fusion, and the observation results of models were compared with those of cadaver heads. Results Visualization effects of three-dimensional anatomy model for jugular foramen region built by Vitrea virtual reality system were well. High resolution was achieved for the image of relative anatomic structures, and the observation results were consistent with those of cadaver head. Conclusions The computer model of three-dimensional anatomy for jugular foramen region is helpful for observing and understanding the global spatial relationship of relative anatomic structures non-invasively and objectively, with save of time and specimen, and provides reliable information for relative surgery.