二甲双胍在恶性肿瘤放疗中的应用研究进展

二甲双胍（C₄H₁₁N₅）是治疗2型糖尿病的主要药物。有研究显示，二甲双胍可以抑制肿瘤生长，改善恶性肿瘤患者的预后。近年越来越多的研究发现，二甲双胍可以改善肿瘤细胞的放疗敏感性。然而，二甲双胍增强恶性肿瘤放疗敏感性的具体机制尚未完全阐明。本研究将对有关二甲双胍联合放疗应用的最新发现进行综述，并着重介绍其在不同肿瘤中的疗效和相关分子机制，为二甲双胍用于肿瘤治疗提供理论依据。 

Progress in application of metformin in radiotherapy for malignant tumors

Metformin(C4H11N5)is one of the main drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes.Research evidence shows that metformin can inhibit tumor growth and improve the prognosis of patients with malignant tumors.In recent years,an increasing number of clinical and basic research reports have indicated that metformin can improve the radiosensitivity of various tumor cells.However,the specific mechanism by which metformin enhances the radiosensitivity of malignant tumor cells has not yet been fully elucidated.This review discusses the latest discoveries related to the application of metformin in combination with radiotherapy and highlights its efficacy and underlying molecular mechanisms in different tumors,thereby providing a theoretical basis for the use of metformin in clinical treatment of malignant tumors.