2076例HIV感染孕产妇流行病学特征分析

目的:调查我国15省85县(市、区)HIV感染孕产妇的基本人口学特征和感染途径。方法:对我国15省85县(市、区)2004~2008年检测发现并确认感染的2076例HIV感染孕产妇进行问卷调查和登记。结果:(1)HIV感染孕产妇的平均年龄28.58±5.87岁,66.4%为汉族,91.4%为农民或无业,58.6%为小学及以下文化程度,初婚占76.1%;(2)53.3%的HIV感染孕产妇通过异性性行为感染,24.7%通过采血(浆)感染,通过输血、使用血制品感染占3.8%,通过注射吸毒感染占3.4%;(3)性传播比例逐年增加,由2004年的21.9%增加到2008年的67.7%(χ2M-H=130.56,P0.01)。结论:绝大多数感染HIV孕产妇的文化水平较低,在家务农或者无业者比例较大。性传播是孕产妇HIV感染的主要途径,并逐年增加。应针对感染人群不同的流行病学特征,采取有针对性的艾滋病综合防治措施与策略,特别要遏制性传播途径比例的进一步增加。

Epidemiological characteristics of 2076 HIV infected pregnant women

Objectives:To know the basic demography characteristics and the infected way of HIV infected pregnant women among 85 counties in 15 provinces in China.Methods:To carry out investigation and registration with questionnaires among 2076 HIV infected pregnant women during 2004~2008 who are tested and confirmed HIV positive in 85 counties of 15 provinces.Results:(1)The average age of infected women is 28.58±5.87,66.4% of these women's nationalities is Han,91.4% are peasants or jobless,58.6% are primary educational level and below,first marriage account for 76.1%.(2)53.3% of these women were infected by sex behavior,24.7% via blood adopted,3.8% via blood production usage,while,the proportion of drug injection is 3.4%.(3)The proportion of sex behavior transmission is increasingly,from 21.9% of 2004 to 67.7% of 2008(χ2M-H=130.56,P<0.01).Conclusions:The majorities of HIV infected women with lower educational level,and the proportion of engaging in agricultures or jobless group account for the bigger part.Sex transmission had become the major way of these infected women,and increasing year by year.We should adopt the different prevention and treatment strategies according to the different epidemic characteristics,especially to reduce the increasing proportion of sex transmission.