不同斑试材料和加样剂量对斑试皮肤反应结果的影响

目的：评估斑试材料、剂量、时间、抗原、浓度等因素对斑贴试验结果的影响。方法：采用国际标准（国际标准芬兰小室，Fian—chamber）、日本POLA、中国中亚牌三种材料，对男、女各22名受试者背部进行斑贴试验，浓度为十二烷基硫酸钠（2％、1％、0．5％）、丙二醇（20％、10％）、戊二醇（20％、10％）、原浓度腮红，对照物为生理盐水和蒸馏水。结果：Finn-chamber加样剂量为0．015ml／0．015g，阳性率为15．76％；日本POLA加样剂量为0．05mI／0．05g，阳性率为17．69％；中国中亚牌斑试器加样剂量为0．03ml／0．03g，阳性率为14．11％。日本POLA和中国中亚牌斑试器两组间阳性率有显著差别，其余各组间无差别。十二烷基硫酸钠在24h的反应最高，男性阳性反应率较女性高。结论：按不同的加样剂量检测，国际标准Finn—chamber斑试器加样剂量小、敏感性高，斑贴后的观察时间、抗原浓度以及受试者性别等因素对斑试皮肤反应阳性结果也有影响。

The effect of different patch types and other factors on the result of patch test

Objective To assess the effects of a series of factors on the result of patch test including different patch type,sample dosage,evaluating-time after patch removal,antigen concentration and subject gender et al.Methods Three kinds of patches were applied on the backs of 44 subjects(half female and half male),including the international standard Finn-chamber patch,the patch of POLA Chemical Industries,Inc,the patch made in Shanghai,China.The antigens applied to the patches respectively were different concentrations of sodium lauryl sulphate(2%,1%,0.5%),propylene glycol(20%,10%) and primary concentration of blusher with the controls of sodium chloride and distilled water.The dermal positive reaction was evaluated by general clinical assessment methods.Results The rates of positive reaction are as follows:the Finn-chamber patch with the sample dosage of 0.015ml/0.015g is 15.76%,the POLA patch with the sample dosage of 0.05ml/0.05g is 17.69% and the home-made patch with the sample dosage of 0.03ml/0.03g is 14.11%.There is significant difference between Japanese and Home-made patches,but no difference in other two groups.The highest rates of positive reaction appears at the end of 24 hours after patch removal and 2% sodium lauryl sulphate also appears the highest positive reaction.The positive reaction in male is higher than female.Conclusion The international Finn-Chamber patch is more sensitive than the other two patches,and other factors like evaluating-time after patch removal,antigen concentration and subject gender also have some effects on the results of patch test.