维持性血液透析患者压力源分析

目的 观察维持性血液透析患者压力源的特点.方法 用血液透析患者压力源中文版量表(HSS)对436例维持性血液透析患者进行测试,并对结果 进行分析.结果 436例患者的心理压力源>生理压力源>社会压力源;患者感受最严重的压力源是需长期透析治疗,其次从高到低依次为医疗费用、对未来的担忧、家庭责任改变以及性欲减退;患者感受最轻微的压力源是生育能力下降,其次依次为着装受限、血管硬化、需要子女照顾和外貌改变;不同年龄、性别、文化程度、工作状态和经济状况的患者其压力水平存在差异,年龄较大的患者压力水平较高;男性患者比女性患者压力水平更高;文化程度较高的患者心理压力水平较低;仍工作的患者压力水平较低;经济状况较好的患者压力水平较低.结论 血液透析患者的压力水平较高,应对患者采取有针对性的干预措施.

Analysis in stressor of patients with maintained hemodialysis

Objective To observe the stressor characteristic of patients with maintained hemodialy-sis (MHD). Methods The Chinese version of bemodialysis stressor seale(HSS) was adopted among 436 bemodialysis participants and the results underwent analysis. Results Among 436 patients psychological stressors> physiological stressers > social stressors, the most severe stressors included the requirement of long-term dialysis, the rest showed sequence from high to low: medical cost, concerning about the future,changes in family responsibility and decrease in sexuality. The slightest stressors included decreased ability to procreate, being limited in some styles of clothing, arterial and venous stick, reversal in family role with the children and changes in body appearance. Significant differences existed in patients with different age,gender, education background, working status and economic status, it manifested as follows: the more elder-ly, the more severity of stress, male patients had more severe stress than the female, patients with higher e-ducation background showed lower stress level, patients who kept working had lower level of stress, pa-tients who had better economic status showed lower stress level. Conclusions MHD patients often expe-rience high stress levels. Some measures should be taken to help MHD patients to cope better with stress.