糖尿病并发医院感染的危险因素研究

目的探讨糖尿病医院感染状况与危险因素,为有效地防治糖尿病医院感染,降低其发生率提供科学的依据.方法对糖尿病患者医院感染的危险因素采取回顾性的调查和分析.结果糖尿病并发医院感染的病例占住院病例的0.45%,占住院糖尿病患者的36.82%,占全院医院感染构成比的13.64%;糖尿病患者医院感染的病死率为38.27%;糖尿病医院感染患者的危险因素包括年龄、糖尿病病程、住院天数、抗菌药物的压力、血糖的控制程度、手术及侵袭性操作、糖尿病患者的慢性基础性疾病、糖尿病的并发症等;糖尿病医院感染的感染部位主要为肺部感染、泌尿道感染、切口感染、血液感染及肠道感染;主要病原体为真菌和革兰阴性菌.结论糖尿病患者医院感染发生率高,病死率高,必须引起重视;积极治疗原发病、缩短住院时间、合理使用抗菌药物、注意无菌操作、避免不必要的手术及侵袭性操作是预防糖尿病医院感染的重要环节.

Risk Factors of Nosocomial Infection in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

OBJECTIVE To explore the state of nosocomial infection and its risk factors in patients with diabetes mellitus, in order to provide scientific basis for its effective prevention and treatment, and to lower its morbidity. METHODS To investigate and analyze the sensitive factors of nosocomial infection in patients with diabetes mellitus retrospectively. RESULTS The cases of diabetes mellitus complicated nosocomial infection were 0. 45 % of the total inpatients, there were 36. 82% of hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus, 13. 64% of the total nosocomial infection, and the mortality rate was 38. 27%. The risk factors of nosocomial infection included: age, course of disease, the duration of hospitalization, inhibition of antibiotic drugs, control level of blood sugar, operation or invasive manipulation, chronic basic diseases, and complications, etc. The nosocomical infection sites were in multiple organs, or else, mainly at lungs, urinary tract, intestines, and blood. The chief pathogens were fungi or Gram negative bacteria. CONCLUSIONS In patients with diabetes mellitus complicating nosocomical infection the incidence and mortality are all in relatively high level. It must be given to pay attention, to treat the original disease actively, to shorten the duration of hospitalization, to apply the antibiotics reasonably, to pay attention of germ-free operations, and to avoid needless and invasive operations. All of these aspects are of key importance for the prevention of nosocomial infection in patients with diabetes mellitus.