肖厝口岸恙螨本底调查报告

〔目的〕掌握肖厝口岸鼠形动物所携带的恙螨的种类、分布和季节消长的本底情况。〔方法〕从2004年8月￣2005年7月分别采用捕鼠夹和捕鼠笼对肖厝口岸的鼠形动物所携带的恙螨的种群构成、季节消长进行了调查。〔结果〕本次调查共捕获鼠形动物60只,其中22只携带恙螨,共检集恙螨2938只,经鉴定隶属2科2属4种,其中地理纤恙螨为优势种,占总恙螨数的74.13%。恙螨全年平均密度(恙螨指数)为48.97,鼠体染恙螨率为36.67%。优势鼠种黄胸鼠的恙螨密度最高,为102.48,鼠体染恙螨率为59.26%。全年的季节消长有3个高峰期,最高峰月份为5月。〔结论〕肖厝口岸优势鼠种携带的恙螨率较高,存在着恙虫病发生的可能性。改善港区办公大楼及食堂室内外和与港区连接部的海龙餐馆室内外的环境卫生,消灭恙螨孽生地,加强防治知识的宣传以及开展群众性灭鼠是我们今后工作的重点。每年的5月和12月是开展灭鼠、灭螨的最好时机。

The Investigation Report of Trombiculid Background at Xiaocuo Port

Objectives To understand the background of species,distributions of trombiculid carried by mouse-shaped animals,and how their growth and decline with the seasonal changes.Methods From August 2004 to July 2005,we investigated the species constitution and seasonal population fluctuation of trombiculid carried by mouse-shaped animals through the use of traps and cages.Results We caught 60 mouse-shaped animals,22 of which carried trombiculid.2 938 trombiculids were collected,belonging to 4 species,2 genera and 2 families respectively.The L.deliense was the dominating species,accounting for 74.13% of all trombiculid collected.The annual average trombiculid density(trombiculid index) was 48.97.The rate of trombiculid infection of rats was 36.67%.The density of trombiculid in dominating rats species Rattus flavipectus was the highest,i.e.102.48 and the rate of trombiculid inflection was 59.26%.There were three population increases in the whole year,and the peak of which was in May.Conclusion At Xiaocuo Port,the rate of trombiculid inflection in local dominating rats species was relatively high,the spread of tsutsugamushi disease was possible to happen.Priorities,in our future work should be given to the followings,to improve the environmental sanitation of port office building,inside and outside of dining room and Hailong Restaurant,and to eliminate the habitats of trombiculid;on the other hand,to enforce the publicizing of prevention knowledge and to call for people to exterminate rats.May and December are the best searons to exterminate rats and trombiculid in every year.