北京市2～6岁肥胖儿童睡眠状况流行病学研究

【目的】了解北京市肥胖儿童睡眠状况。【方法】抽取北京市4个区678名2～6岁肥胖儿童，由医生对其家长进行儿童睡眠问卷调查。【结果】3～6岁肥胖儿童平均每日睡眠时间分别为10．90h、10．71h、10．55h、10．33h；2～6岁肥胖儿童睡眠障碍发生率为25．7％，其中鼾症发生率12．4％，睡眠不安6．6％、磨牙5．9％．张口呼吸4．9％．梦呓3．2％，大于5岁儿童遗尿2．4％，睡眠中肢体抽动2．1％，喉头哽咽1．9％，睡眠呼吸暂停1．2％，梦魇1．0％．梦游0．3％。儿童鼾症发生的主要危险因素有父母打鼾、腺样体肥大、仰卧睡眠、肥胖。【结论】本组肥胖儿童鼾症、喉头哽咽、睡眠呼吸暂停等气道梗阻症状发生率明显高于一般儿童，应引起重视。

An epidemiological study on sleep characteristics and sleep disorders in obese children from 2 to 6 years of age in Beijing

[Objective] The study was conducted to find the sleep characteristics and the prevalence of sleep disorders of pre-school obese children in Beijing.[Methods] 678 obese children aged 2 to 6 years old randomly selected among 4 districts of Beijing were investigated with questionnaire. [Results] The mean time of total sleep time of obese children from 3 to 6 years old was 10.90, 10.71, 10.55 and 10.33 hours, respectively. The prevalence of sleep disorders was 25.7%. Among them, the prevalence of snoring was 12.4%, sleep inquietude 6.6% , bruxism 5.9%, mouth breathing 4.9%, sleep talking 3.2%, enuresis (only the children older than 5 years) 2.4%, limb spasm 2.1%, choke/gargling 1.9%, sleep apnea 1.2%, nightmares 1.0%, sleepwalking 0.3%. The high-risk factors of child snoring were snoring of parents, adenoidal hypertrophy, supine sleep and obesity. [Conclusions] The prevalence of respiratory tract obstructive symptoms in obese children, such as snoring, choke/gargling and sleep apnea is higher than that in ordinary children.