武汉市2006-2016年农药中毒流行病学分析

目的 调查武汉市农药中毒流行特征并分析其中可能的原因，为进一步防治农药中毒提供思路及策略依据。方法 收集武汉市2006-2016年农药中毒相关数据，采用Prism6软件进行统计分析。结果 2006-2016年全市累计报告病例5 156例，包括生产性和非生产性，分别占39.43%和60.57%。中毒种类以杀虫剂为主，占65.83%，杀虫剂种类以有机磷类为主，占71.57%。农药中毒女性占50.60%，男性占49.40%，性别分布比较，差异有统计学意义（χ²=4.709，P<0.001）；年龄以40~岁年龄段为主，占24.26%；农药中毒以夏季7、8月份为主，占33.86%。中毒病例集中在远城区，占86.87%。生产性农药中毒年发生率整体呈降低态势，尤其是最近三年趋于平缓；非生产性农药中毒发病率呈波浪形波动变化，但波动范围较小。结论 武汉市农药中毒多发生在远城区，有机磷杀虫剂是主要中毒农药种类，中年女性服非生产性农药中毒是防控重点，应尽快采取有效的措施预防、减少农药中毒的发生。

Epidemiological analysis of pesticide poisoning in Wuhan from 2006 to 2016

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of pesticide poisoning cases in Wuhan, and to provide strategies for the prevention and control of pesticide poisoning.Methods The data of pesticide poisoning in Wuhan from 2006 to 2016 were collected and analyzed by Prism6 software.Results There were total 5 156 pesticide poisoning cases from 2006 to 2016 in Wuhan, occupational poisoning accounted for 39.43% and non-occupational poisoning accounted for 60.57%. Insecticide was the main type, accounting for 65.83%, and most of the insecticide was organophosphorus insecticide (71.57%). The incidence rate of occupational poisoning decreased and a flat trend in the incidence rate was observed in the last three years. By contrast, a trend with small amplitude fluctuation was observed in the incidence rate of non-occupational poisoning. Of total cases, men accounted for 49.40%, while female accounted for 50.60%, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.709,P<0.001). The total cases most commonly occurred in the age group of 40-years old (24.26%). Pesticide poisoning peaked at July and August (33.86%). The total cases were mainly found in far districts from the city,accounted for 86.87%.Conclusions Pesticide poisonings mainly occur in suburban areas. Insecticide poisoning is the most common pesticide poisoning. The non-occupational poisoning threat to the safety of people, especially to the middle-aged women, effective measures for the prevention and treatment of pesticide poisoning should be taken as soon as possible.