采用“比较病例教学法”培养医学生病理生理学的病案分析能力

［摘要］目的　在病理生理学教学中采用“比较病例教学法”，探索其在提高医学生病案分析能力中可能的作用．方法　选用1对既有内在联系又有差别的病案进行分析，并在课堂中进行陈述、辩驳，其后学生进行自我评价；采用测评病案在该教学法实施前后对进行病案分析测评，分别对自我评价和病案分析成绩进行统计．结果　进行比较病例分析教学后，学生病案分析总成绩提高显著，其中难题部分得分提高显著（P＜0.01），并与学生自评分成正相关（r = 0.762，P <0.01）；学生自评在分析问题、查询资料等11个方面的能力均有所提高．结论　在病理生理学教学中采用“比较病例分析”教学法能通过提学生分析问题能力、综合运用知识能力、思考的积极性，以及查询资料能力，进而提高医学生的病案分析能力．

Impact of "Comparative Case Learning" on Medical Students' Analytical Ability in Clinical Case

［Abstract］Objective Pathophysiology has high comprehensiveness and practical characteristics. Developing analytical capacity is a major teaching aim of Pathophysiology. This study was aimed to build up the basic knowledge of pathophysiology and develop a critical approach through "comparative case learning" in medical students. Methods A pair of related cases were chosen in this study. "Comparative case learning" was performed in our lecture. Case analysis was tested before and after "comparative case learning"， and a self-evaluation was accessed after "comparative case learning". The scores of case-analyzing test and self-evaluation assessment were statistically analyzed. Results Using“comparative case learning”in pathophysiology could improve medical students' case-analyzing score，especially in clinical syndrome analyzing examination questions（difficult examination questions）. There was a significant correlation between high score of clinical syndrome analyzing examination and students' self-evaluation. Conclusion　Comparative case learning" could improve the analytical，data searching and comprehensive abilities，thereby enhancing a case-analyzing ability in medical students.