医学生家庭背景、学医动机与学业成绩的相关分析

目的 了解医学生选择学医的初始动机,揭示医学生学医动机对学业成绩的影响,为医学生的后续有效培养及医学教育提供科学依据。 方法 参考相关文献制作专门的调查问卷,选取粤东某高校在读医学生为研究对象,采用自我管理问卷的方式,调查医学生家庭背景资料及选择医学专业初始动机,对调查对象学医动机相关因素及学业成绩进行分析。 结果 不同性别医学生学医动机没有显示出差异,但是女生专业课平均成绩点数(GPA)均值高于男生,医学生学习成绩之间存在性别差异(P<0.01);不同年级之间医学生学业成绩差异具有统计学意义,年级越高,GPA均值越低(F=3.146,P<0.05);生源地差异显著影响学业成绩,农村生源医学生学业平均GPA高于其他生源地学生,差异具有统计学意义(F=2.751,P<0.05);家庭经济条件对医学生学业成绩具有统计学意义(F=6.470,P<0.01);医学生学业成绩受到多重动机影响,内在动机对医学生学业成绩具有显著影响(从小立志成为医生F=2.424,P<0.05,治病救人F=0.131,P<0.05),外在动机(选择医学有较多出国机会)对学业成绩具有显著影响(F=1.824,P<0.05),成就动机中的医生社会地位高这一选项对医学生学业成绩具有显著影响(F=0.186,P<0.05);社会风气对医学生学医动机及学业成绩的影响差异具有统计学意义(F=0.118,P<0.05)。 结论 家庭背景因素对医学生学医动机具有多方面影响,多重学医动机影响医学生学业成绩。 

Relative analysis on family background,learning motivation and academic performance of medical students

Objective Understand the initial motivation of medical students for learning medicine.Reveal the influence of motivation on academic performance.Provide scientific basement for medical students on later efficient medical training and educating. Methods Before the investigation,a questionnaire was designed based on relevant references.Students in eastern Guangdong were recruited.A self-management questionnaire was applied to investigate the family background and the initial motivation for learning medicine.The relative factors about learning medicine and academic performance were analyzed. Results Sex is insignificant between different medical motivations.However,the grade point average (GPA) of female students is higher than that of male students,which is significant among academic performance (P<0.01).The academic performance of students from different grades is significant.The higher the grade,the lower mean GPA is (F=3.146,P<0.05).Source of students significantly affects academic performance.The average GPA of students from countryside is more than students from other places (F=6.470,P<0.01).Academic performance affected by multiple motivations,followed by intrinsic motivation (F=2.424,P<0.05),saving life (F=0.131,P<0.005) and extrinsic motivation (F=1.824,P<0.05),social status (F=0.186,P<0.05) and social morality (F=0.118,P<0.05) which are significant between different medical motivations. Conclusion Family background has multiple influences on learning motivation of medical students.Multiple learning motivations affect academic performance.