创伤性颅脑损伤患者伤后低钠血症发生现状及其危险因素

目的 分析创伤性颅脑损伤患者伤后低钠血症发生现状及其危险因素.方法 选取2015年2月至2016年12月期间重庆市潼南区人民医院收治的115例创伤性颅脑损伤患者为研究对象, 将其中低钠血症的发生率进行统计, 同时比较不同性别、年龄、颅脑损伤程度、脑室出血、脑水肿、颅底骨折、呋塞米应用及血管扩张药应用情况者的低钠血症发生率, 并以Logistic回归分析处理上述研究因素与创伤性颅脑损伤患者伤后低钠血症的关系.结果 115例创伤性颅脑损伤患者中的38例伤后发生低钠血症, 发生率为33.04%, 不同性别及血管扩张药应用情况者的发生率, 差异无统计学意义 (P>0.05) , 而不同年龄、颅脑损伤程度、脑室出血、脑水肿、颅底骨折及呋塞米应用情况者的发生率, 差异有统计学意义 (P<0.05) , 经Logistic回归分析处理显示, 年龄、颅脑损伤程度、脑室出血、脑水肿、颅底骨折及呋塞米应用均是此类患者伤后低钠血症发生的危险因素.结论 创伤性颅脑损伤患者伤后低钠血症发生率较高, 且年龄、颅脑损伤程度、脑室出血、脑水肿、颅底骨折及呋塞米应用均是其危险因素, 应针对这些危险因素给予干预.

Present Situation of Hyponatremia in Patients after Traumatic Brain Injury and Its Risk Factors

Objective To analyze the present situation of hyponatremia in patients after traumatic brain injury and its risk factors. Methods 115 patients with traumatic brain injury in our hospital from February 2015 to December 2016 were selected as the study object, and the hyponatremia rate of all the patients was analyzed, and the hyponatremia rates of patients with different gender, ages, brain injury degree, ventricular hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, basal fracture, furosemide application and vasodilators application situation were compared, and the relationship between those factors and hyponatremia after traumatic brain injury were analyzed with Logistic regression analysis. Results 38 cases of 115 patients with traumatic brain injury were with hyponatremia, the rate was 33.04%, and the rates of patients with different gender and vasodilators application situation had no significant differences, all P>0.05, while the rates of patients with different ages, brain injury degree, ventricular hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, basal fracture and furosemide application situation had significant differences, all P <0.05, and the Logistic regression analysis showed that the ages, brain injury degree, ventricular hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, basal fracture and furosemide application were all the risk factors of hyponatremia present of these patients after traumatic brain injury. Conclusion The hyponatremia rate of patients after traumatic brain injury is high, and the age, brain injury degree, ventricular hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, basal fracture and furosemide application are all the risk factors, so they should be paid to intervention according to these risk factors.