重庆市主城区50岁以上HIV/AIDS患者特征分析

目的 了解2012-2016年重庆市主城区50岁及以上艾滋病病毒（human immunodeficiency virus，HIV）感染者/艾滋病（acquired immunodeficiency syndrome，AIDS）病人流行病学特征，为制订针对性艾滋病防治策略提供科学依据。方法 对2012-2016年在全国艾滋病综合防治数据信息系统中报告的3 495例HIV感染者/AIDS病例资料进行整理和分析。结果 3 495例研究对象中，死亡715例。2016年报告50岁及以上病例数比2012年增加了1.7倍。报告病例以50~岁年龄组为主，占47.3%（1 654/3 495）；以已婚有配偶为主，占65.7%（2 295/3 495）；以初中及以下学历为主，占78.2%（2 732/3 495）；以性传播为主，占97.5%（3 409/3 495），其中，异性传播占88.4%（3 091/3 495），同性传播占9.1%（318/3 495）。阳性报告来源以医疗机构检测发现为主，占63.6%（2 222/3 495），其次为疾控机构检测，占32.8%（1 148/3 495）。结论 重庆市主城区50岁及以上艾滋病报告数呈增加趋势，异性性接触为主要传播途径，医疗机构检测是主要发现途径，应继续加强医疗机构HIV检测工作，以病例为线索开展溯源调查，制订针对性措施，控制艾滋病经性途径传播。

Epidemiological characteristics of HIV infections among the population aged 50 and over in the main urban districts of Chongqing

Objective The epidemiological characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among the population aged ≥ 50 years in the main urban area in Chongqing were analyzed, in order to provide a reliable epidemiology basis for further control and prevention of AIDS. Methods The 3 495 AIDS Surveillance data from 2012 to 2016 was collected from National AIDS Comprehensive Data Information System. Results A total of 3 495 cases were reported during the study period, including 715 deaths. The cases reported in 2016 was 2.7 times greater than that reported in 2012. The cases aged 50-59 years old accounted for 47.3% of all the cases. Majority cases were married, accounting for 65.7% (2 295/3 495) of the all the cases. Patients with junior high school degree and below accounted for 78.2% (2 732/3 495) of all the cases. Sexual contact was the main transmission mode of HIV, accounting for 97.5% (3 409/3 495) of the total cases. Among them, 88.4% (3 091/3 495) and 9.1% (318/3 495) of the cases were transmitted through heterosexual and male homosexual, respectively. A total of 63.6% (2 222/3 495) of the positive samples was from medical institutions, while other 32.8% (1 148/3 495) was from center for disease control and prevention (CDC). Conclusions The reported cases of AIDS aged ≥ 50 years old was increasing in the main urban districts of Chongqing. Heterosexual contact is the main transmission route. The detection of medical institutions is the main way for case finding. The control and prevention strategies including regular HIV screening in medical institutions and traceability investigation should be encouraged and strengthened in this area.