高脂饮食加链脲佐霉素诱导2型糖尿病大鼠的肝功能分析

［摘要］目的　分析高脂饮食加链脲佐菌素诱导的实验性2型糖尿病大鼠模型肝功能变化特点．方法　65只SD雄性大鼠随机分为2组:对照组20只，高脂组45只．对照组普通膳食喂养，高脂组高脂膳食喂养．8周后随机挑出8只高脂组大鼠给予不同剂量的STZ，最后确定30 mg（STZ）/kg（大鼠）为成模的适合给药量，接着以30mg（STZ）/kg（大鼠）的标准给剩余的37只高脂膳食大鼠腹腔注射STZ柠檬酸缓冲液，然后随机挑出20只成模的大鼠（模型组）．4周后随机处理对照组和模型组大鼠各10只，8周后再处理对照组和模型组大鼠各10只并取肝脏和空腹血清．结果　模型组大鼠出现多尿、多饮、多食、体型消瘦等典型的2型糖尿病症状，血糖值均高于11.1 mmol/L，胰岛素敏感性降低，且4周较8周明显．与对照组比较成模大鼠肝脏HE染色可发现肝细胞排列紊乱并内出现空泡状脂肪病变，8周后降低．血清甘油三酯（TG）较对照组升高（P＜0.05）且4周较8周明显．胆固醇（TC）、胆汁酸（TBA）、总胆红素（TBIL）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）和丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）较对照组升高（P＜0.05），且8周较4周明显．结论　长期高脂饮食加小剂链脲佐菌素诱导的实验性2型糖尿病大鼠模型出现脂肪肝病变，同时还伴有肝细胞和胆道系统的损伤．

Analysis of Liver Function of Type 2 Diabetic Rats Induced by Fat Diet and STZ

［Abstract］Objective To analyze the liver function changes of type 2 diabetes mellitus rat model induced by high fat diet and streptozotocin（STZ）. Methods 65 male SD rats were randomly divided into control group （20 rats） and high-fat group（45 rats）. Rats in the two groups were fed normal diet and high-fat diet， respectively. After eight weeks feeding，eight rats were selected from high-fat group randomly and given different amount of STZ. Finally，30 mg/kg was identified as the most suitable dosage for induced the rats into type 2 diabetes mellitus. The remaining 45 high-fat group rats was injected 30mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection and then 20 rats were randomly selected from successfully established type 2 diabetes mellitus rats. Serum and liver were obtained when rats were killed after four and eight weeks. Results　Rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus showed obvious polyuria， polydipsia， polyphagia and weight loss. Their blood glucose levels were higher than 11.1 mmol/L，and the insulin sensitive index at the forth week decreased more obvious than the eighth week. Compare with the control group， liver cell disorder and vesicular fat lesions was found in the type 2 diabetic rats through the liver hematoxylin-eosin staining，the serum triglycerides（TG） increased and TG at the fourth week was obviously lower than that at the eighth week. In addition，cholesterol（TC），bile acid（TBA），Bilirubin（TBIL）， alkaline phosphatase （AKP）and alanine aminotransferase（ALT）of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus were significantly higher than those of the control group，with statistical significances（P < 0.05），especially at the eighth week. Conclusion Rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus induced by high fat diet and STZ might have fatty liver and biliary dyskinesia.