昆明高校新生性教育现状及其需求调查

目的 了解昆明高校新生性教育现状及其需求,为未来西部高校性教育开展提供依据.方法 采用分层随机抽样,抽取昆明市3所不同类型高校的350名一年级在校新生进行匿名自填式问卷调查,回收有效问卷310份.结果 23.9%的大学新生未在高校接受过性教育课程;22.9%的新生表示不知道大学时期有性教育课程.对获取性知识的主要信息来源排序依次为网络电视及录像视频、书刊杂志、朋友同学,且更能接受以讲座的形式开展性教育.男女生在对获取性教育的形式、性教育的内容及性教育需求3个方面的选择差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).女生倾向于开展“主修课”形式的性教育,男生则倾向于“播放视频、发放书刊”的形式(P<0.05);女生倾向于获取“性疾病与艾滋病”及“异性交往、恋爱心理”方面的性教育,而男生则多是“避孕知识和技能”及“性的价值取向”(P<0.05);男生对“自慰、性卫生、性健康”性教育需求比例显著高于女生,而女生则是对“性心理、性变态、同性恋”的性教育需求比例高于男生,选择差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论昆明市在校大学新生性教育课程开展状况欠佳.高校应依照不同性别大学生的实际需求,开设内容全面,以讲座为主,多种形式并举的性教育课程,发挥学校教育主渠道作用,促进大学生性生理、性心理、性行为的健康发展.

The Current Status of Sexual Education and Needs Assessment among College Freshmen in Kunming

Objective To explore the current status of sexual education and real needs of college freshmen in Kunming.Methods By applying random sampling,350 students from three universities in Kunming were investigated by self-administered questionnaire,and 310 valid questionnaires were recovered.Results 23.9% students confirmed that the schools do not provide courses related to sexual health,and 22.9% of the surveyed students claimed that they even did not heard any sexual education courses in their schools.The main sources of students to acquire information in terms of sexuality and sexual health are network television,video magazines,friends and classmates.Both male and female students are more acceptable to carry out sex education lectures.There were significant differences between male and female students in the form of obtaining sexual education,the content of sexual education and the demand of sexual education in three aspects(P<0.05).Girls tend to carry out sexual education in the form of major courses,but boys tend to the form of playing video or distributing books and periodicals(P<0.05).Girls tend to obtain the courses on sexually disease,AIDS,heterosexual intercourse,or love psychology,but boys tend to contraceptive knowledge and skills,or Sexual value orientation(P<0.05).Girls are more likely to acquire the knowledge of masturbation,sexual health,or sexual health,but boys prefer to the knowledge of sexual psychology,parasexuality,or homosexuality(P<0.05).Conclusion As a main body of educational institute for young people,all universities should provide training courses related to sexuality and sexual health at the early stage of higher education in order to equip college students with essential knowledge and skills to have safer and positive impact on their college studies.