云南省不同地区3～18岁人群先天性心脏病流行病学特征调查

目的 了解云南不同地区318岁少年儿童先天性心脏病的患病现状和分布特征.方法 采用整群抽样的方法, 分别对云南省丽江、迪庆、巧家3个地区, 共34 349名318岁少年儿童, 开展先天性心脏病流行病学调查.结果 调查地区先天性心脏病总患病率为7.65‰ (262/34 349) , 不同性别患病率差异有统计学意义 (χ2=4.338, P=0.037) , 其中男性为6.72‰, 女性为8.71‰;不同年龄组患病率差异有统计学意义 (χ2=9.622, P=0.022) , 37岁年龄组最高为11.94‰;不同地区患病率差异无统计学意义 (χ2=1.761, P=0.415) , 丽江为6.13‰, 迪庆为8.09‰, 巧家为7.68‰;不同民族患病率差异有统计学意义 (χ2=14.374, P=0.013) , 汉族为7.58‰, 藏族为5.32‰, 纳西族为7.95‰, 傈僳族为11.94‰, 彝族为10.24‰, 其他为10.68.结论 调查地区先天性心脏病患病率高于全国平均水平, 女性患病率明显高于男性, 37岁年龄组患病率最高, 不同地区患病率无差异, 患病类型以房间隔缺损为主.

Epidemic Characteristics of Congenital Heart Disease of Adolescents between 3 to 18 ages Among Different Regions in Yunnan

Objective To learn the status of the prevalence and distribution characteristics of congenital heart disease (CHD) of adolescents between 3 to 18 ages among different regions in Yunnan. Methods From January 2013 to November 2014, the epidemic survey of CHD was carried out in regions of Lijiang, Diqing and Qiaojia by cluster sampling.Results The total prevalence rate of CHD was 7.65‰ in 34349 adolescents investigated in this research. However, the morbidity rate in female patients was 8.71‰, and male 6.72‰, the difference had statistical significance (χ2=4.338, P=0.037) ; the difference among different age groups had statistical significance (χ2 =9.622, P =0.022) , and 3 7 age group was the highest 11.94‰; the difference among three regions, Lijiang, Diqing, Qiaojia (6.13‰, 8.09‰, 7.68‰ respectively) had no statistical significance (χ2 =1.761, P =0.415) ; the difference among ethnic groups, the Han, Tibetan, Naxi, Lisu, Yi nationality and the others, had statistical significance (χ2 =14.374, P =0.013) .Conclusions The prevalence of CHD in investigated regions is higher than the average level of the nationwide, is obviously higher in female group than male group, is the highest in the group of 3 7 age, the difference among three regions has no statistical significance. The main kind of CHD is atrial septal defect (ASD) .