2011-2014年安徽省沿江地区恶性肿瘤发病分析

目的 了解2011-2014年安徽省马鞍山、池州、铜陵三个沿江地区恶性肿瘤的发病特征。方法 从安徽省肿瘤登记系统以及各级医疗报销系统收集马鞍山、池州、铜陵三地的恶性肿瘤发病数据，采用国际疾病标准编码进行分类，按照性别、年龄、年代以及肿瘤类型等计算粗发病率及年龄标化发病率。结果 2011-2014年间，安徽省沿江地区恶性肿瘤年均发病率为243.88/10万（男性为299.85/10万，女性为185.94/10万），标化率为170.81/10万（男性为201.41/10万，女性为135.82/10万）。80~岁为恶性肿瘤发病最高的年龄组，90岁之后出现下降。全人群发病率前三位肿瘤分别是胃癌、肺癌和食管癌。四年间，肿瘤发病谱有轻微变化，其中脑癌、鼻咽癌发病顺位降低，甲状腺癌及膀胱癌发病顺位上升。结论 安徽省沿江地区恶性肿瘤发病率呈上升趋势，消化系统肿瘤仍然是威胁居民健康的主要疾病，是安徽省沿江地区肿瘤防治的重点。

The status and trends in malignant tumor incidence rates from 2011 to 2014 in areas along the Yangtze River of Anhui Province

Objective To analyze the epidemic trends in malignant tumor incidence rates from 2011 to 2014 in Chizhou, Maanshan and Tongling areas of Anhui province. Methods Data from cancer registry system of Anhui and Medical reimbursement system were encoded according to ICD-10 classification. Crude rate, age standardized rate (ASR) and constituent rate were calculated by sex, age group and year. Results From 2011 to 2014, the annual crude incidence of malignant tumor was 243.88/100 000 per (male 299.85/100 000, female 185.94/100 000) and ASR was 170.81/100 000 (male 201.41/100 000, female 135.82/100 000). The incidence of cancer peaked among residents aged 80-years and declined sharply after 90 years old. The top three malignant tumor were gastric cancer, lung cancer and esophageal cancer. During the four years, cancer spectrum showed slight change with lower incidence of cerebral, nasopharyngeal cancer and higher incidence of bladder, thyroid cancer. Conclusions The incidence of malignant cancer in areas along the Yangtze River of Anhui Province presented upward trend. Digestive system cancers were still the major causes which threatened people's life and health. Targeted strategies should be taken to improve current situation.