社会资本与职业获益感对护士工作疏离感的影响

目的 通过对护士的调研,了解护士社会资本、职业获益感、工作疏离感的现状,分析社会资本、职业获益感对护士工作疏离感的影响。 方法 采用便利抽样法选取浙江省5所三级综合医院的3 684名临床护士作为研究对象,使用一般资料问卷、工作场所社会资本量表、护士职业获益感问卷、护士工作疏离感问卷进行调查并获取各问卷评分,应用SPSS 12.0软件进行统计描述和分析,采用多元回归分析方法分析护士工作疏离感产生的影响因素。 结果 ①护士的社会资本得分(25.79±5.12)分,职业获益感得分(122.45±13.55)分,工作疏离感得分(43.69±8.62)分;②护士的工作疏离感与社会资本、职业获益感呈负相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);③职称、月收入、社会资本、职业获益感为影响护士工作疏离感的因素,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 护士的工作疏离感与其社会资本、职业获益感相关,高水平的社会资本、职业获益感的护士,其工作疏离感越低,体现在无奈感、无助感、无意义感降低。护理管理者应采取针对性干预措施,有效提高护士的社会资本和职业获益感,以降低其工作疏离感,提高护士的工作满意度和护理工作的质量。 

The impact of social capital and perceived professional benefits on work alienation among nurses

Objective To investigate the current situation of social capital,perceived professional benefits and work alienation among nurses and to analyze the impact of social capital and perceived professional benefits on nurses work alienation. Methods A total of 3 684 nurses in five large three level hospital in Zhejiang by convenient sampling was selected to get the scores of the questionnaire by general situation questionnaire,the Chinese workplace social capital scale,and the questionnaire of Nurses'perceived professional benefits and nurses'work alienation.A database of survey questionnaire was established with SPSS 12.0 software which was used for date management and analysis,and then multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of nurses'work alienation. Results ①The score of social capital was 25.79±5.12,the score of professional benefits was 122.45±13.55 and the score of work alienation was 43.69±8.62;②The work alienation was in negative correlation with social capital and professional benefits,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);③Professional titles,incomes,social capital and professional benefits are factors account for nurses'work alienation with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion The work alienation was correlated with social capital and professional benefits.The higher the level of social capital and professional benefits in nurses,the lower the sense of work alienation,reflecting in their feeling of frustration,helplessness and meaninglessness.Nursing managers should take active and effective measures to improve the level of social capital and professional benefits in nurses,aiming to reduce the level of work alienation and to improve the job satisfaction of nurses and the quality of nursing work.