弹力绷带用于改善服用阿司匹林老年患者静脉采血后并发症的效果研究

目的 观察长期服用阿司匹林的老年冠心病患者静脉采血后使用自粘性弹力绷带止血的效果，分析其优点。 方法 将2014年9月—2016年6月在浙江医院老年科体检抽血的120名长期单用阿司匹林抗血小板的老年冠心病患者按体检顺序随机分为实验组60名和对照组60名。实验组，静脉采血后无菌棉球按压针刺处，予以自粘性弹力绷带缠绕5 min;对照组，静脉采血后使用传统的输液贴,大拇指按压穿刺处5 min。观察2组穿刺处及周围皮肤出血、血肿、24 h淤血情况，评估研究对象的舒适度，比较2组全程采血按压时间。计量资料采用两独立样本t检验；计数资料用%表示，采用χ2检验、Fisher确切概率法或连续性校正χ2检验法进行了统计学分析，等级资料采用Mann-Whitney U检验。P＜0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果 实验组出血5例，占8.3%，少于对照组的15例；实验组的血肿例数为0，明显少于对照组的6例；实验组的24 h淤血发生率为0.0%，明显少于对照组的11例，差异有统计意义(P<0.05)；实验组的舒适度优于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；实验组的采血按压时间短于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。 结论 自粘性弹力绷带有效减少长期服用阿司匹林的老年人静脉采血后因按压造成的出血、血肿、瘀血不适等并发症的发生，提高护士工作效率，患者舒适满意，可推广应用于临床。 

The research on elastic bandage applied to elderly aspirin takers receiving blood sampling

Objective To study the effect of using self adhesive elastic bandage to stop bleeding in the elderly patients with coronary heart disease after taking aspirin for a long time,and to analyze its advantages. Methods Totally 120 elderly patients with coronary disease who did physical examination in department of geriatrics in Zhejiang hospital during September,2014 to June,2016 were randomly divided into experimental group(60 cases)and control group(60 cases).The experimental group was given the self adhesive elastic bandage for 5 minutes.The control group was given the traditional infusion plaster with additional pressure for 5 minutes.The bleeding of puncture and surrounding skin,hematoma,24 h congestion,the degree of comfort,the whole blood sampling and pressing time were compared between the two groups.Two independent samples t-test was used in the measurement data,the numeration data was analyzed with χ2 test and expressed as a percentage.Mann-Whitney U test was used for ranked data.With P<0.05,there was a statistically significant difference. Results There were 5 cases of bleeding in the experimental group accounting for 8.3,less than 15 cases in the control group.No hematoma was found in the experimental group which was significantly less than 6 cases in the control group.The 24 h congestion incidence rate of the experimental group was 0,significantly less than that in the control group(P<0.05).The comfort degree of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group(P<0.05).The blood sampling time in the experimental group was significantly shorter than that in the control group(P<0.01). Conclusion Using the self adhesive elastic bandage can reduce the bleeding,congestion incidence and other complications of elderly patients who took aspirin for a long time.It also improves the working efficiency of nurses,makes the patient feel comfortable and satisfied.It is worthy of clinical promotion.