杭州市2 236例学龄前儿童微量元素检测结果分析

目的 通过杭州市学龄前儿童全血微量元素的检测,了解学龄前儿童全血微量元素含量的现状,为针对性的营养指导提供理论依据。 方法 选取2014年1月-2016年6月在浙江省立同德医院儿科进行健康体检和营养咨询的2 236例学龄前儿童作为研究对象,根据各年龄阶段依次分为婴儿组(328例)、幼儿组(732例)、学前儿童组(1 176例),采用济南齐力QL8000型全自动微量元素分析仪对所有对象全血中铁、锌、钙、镁、铜、铅元素进行测定,并对检验结果进行统计、比较和分析。 结果 杭州地区2 236例学龄前儿童微量元素铁、锌、钙、镁、铜、铅元素的异常发生率分别为14.4%、29.6%、20.6%、0.7%、4.6%、1.5%,不同年龄组儿童6种微量元素测定值的比较差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.01);以铁、锌、钙缺乏为主,镁、铜缺乏率以及铅中毒率较低;铁、锌缺乏率最高的是婴儿组,幼儿组铁缺乏率高于学前儿童组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同性别组儿童全血中铁、锌缺乏率比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01),而钙、镁、铜缺乏率以及铅中毒率比较差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。 结论 在儿童生长发育较快期间比较容易发生微量元素失衡,应加强学龄前儿童的营养管理,合理补充各种微量元素,积极预防铅中毒。 

Analysis on the test results of microelements for 2 236 preschoolers in the city of Hangzhou

Objective To detect the microelements content of whole blood in preschoolers of Hangzhou and to understand the current situation of the microelement content of whole blood for preschoolers to provide basis for targeted nutritional guidance. Methods A total of 2 236 cases of preschoolers, who received physical examination and nutrition consultation in the department of pediatrics from Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang from January, 2014 to June, 2016, were selected and divided into infant group (328 cases), young children group(732 cases) and preschool children group (1176 cases) according to their ages. Six elements includingcopper, zinc, calcium, magnesium, ferrum, plumbum in all blood were determined by the Jinan Qili QL8000 automatic microelement analyzer. The results were counted, compared and analyzed. Results The abnormal rates of iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium, copper and plumbum were 14.4%, 29.6%, 20.6%, 0.7%, 4.6% and 1.5% respectively. Comparison of the determination of the value of these elements in different age groups were statisticallydifferent (all P<0.01). The most of microelements deficiency were about ferrum, zinc, and calcium, while the lack of rate of copperand plumbum poisoning rate were lower. The highest rate of ferrum and zinc deficiency were in the infants group, and the deficiency rate of ferrum in young children group was higher than that in preschool children group (P<0.05). The deficiency rate of ferrum and zincin whole bloodhad statistical significance in different gender groups (all P<0.01). However, the deficiency rate of calcium, magnesium, copper and plumbum poisoning had no statistical significance (all P>0.05). Conclusion In the period of fast growth and development of children, it is prone to trace unbalance of microelements. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the nutrition management of preschool children by supplied microelements reasonably and prevented plumbumpoisoning actively.