围术期预见性护理降低下肢骨折患者下肢深静脉血栓发生率的效果分析

目的 下肢深静脉血栓多发生在下肢骨折患者中,有效的护理干预,能够降低患者发生下肢深静脉血栓的几率,进而改善患者预后。本研究主要探讨围术期预见性护理在下肢深静脉血栓预防中的效果。 方法 选择2015年10月-2017年10月蚌医一附院收治的下肢骨折患者102例作为研究对象,使用随机数字表法分为对照组(48例)和观察组(54例)。对照组给予常规护理,观察组采用围术期预见性护理干预。统计并记录2组患者手术后下肢深静脉血栓发生率;比较2组患者术前、术后15 d的D-二聚体水平;采用彩色多普勒检测患者下肢静脉血流速度,比较2组患者下肢深静脉血栓发生率、凝血功能指标、血流速度。 结果 观察组围术期预见性护理后下肢深静脉血栓发生率为1.85%,低于对照组的18.75%(P<0.05);2组患者手术前D-二聚体水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后15 d观察组D-二聚体水平低于对照组(P<0.05);2组患者术前血流速度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后15 d观察组血流速度水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。 结论 围术期预见性护理有助于降低下肢深静脉血栓发生率,能改善患者凝血指标及血流速度,值得推广应用。 

Effect analysis of perioperative predictive nursing to reduce the incidence of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in patients with lower extremity fracture

Objective Deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity occurs in patients with lower extremity fractures. Although conventional nursing can reduce the incidence of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities, the nursing method is single and the prognosis is poor. This study focused on the nursing effect of perioperative predictive nursing in the prevention of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities. Methods A total of 102 patients with lower extremity fractures who were treated from October, 2015 to October, 2017 were enrolled and randomly divided into control group (n=48) and observation group (n=54). The control group received routine nursing, and the observation group used perioperative predictive nursing intervention. After 15 days of nursing, the patient's nursing effect was evaluated. The incidence of deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremities was recorded in the two groups. The serum was separated and the two groups were measured by turbidimetry. Pre- and post-treatment 15 d D-dimer levels in the two groups were compared; color Doppler was used to detect venous blood flow velocity in lower limbs, and the incidence of deep venous thrombosis, coagulation function, and blood flow velocity were compared between the two groups. Results The incidence of deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity was 1.85% in the observation group after perioperative care,which was lower than 18.75% in the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the D-dimer levels between the two groups before surgery(P>0.05); the level of D-dimer in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in blood flow velocity before treatment (P>0.05). The blood flow velocity level at 15 d was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Perioperative predictive nursing can help reduce the incidence of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities, improve blood coagulation and blood flow velocity, and is worthy of popularization and application.