兰州市2014年与2010年中小学生身体形态发育情况对比分析

目的 了解2014年兰州市中小学生身体形态发育情况，为增强中小学生体质提供依据。方法 分析2014年和2010年兰州市学生体质与健康调研数据中的身高、坐高、体重、胸围、皮褶厚度等指标，计算维尔维克指数。结果 2014年兰州市7~18岁汉族学生的身高、坐高、体重、胸围均随年龄增长而增加（均有P<0.05）；2014年与2010年城、乡男生的身高、坐高、体重、胸围的平均值均高于女生（均有P<0.05），上臂部和肩胛部皮褶厚度的平均值低于女生（均有P<0.05）；2014年与2010年相比，男女生的上臂部和肩胛部皮褶厚度以及维尔维克指数无明显变化。结论 兰州市青少年学生的生长发育状况存在明显的城乡差异，应采取措施尽快消除这种差异。

Comparative study on body morphological growth among primary and middle school students in Lanzhou

Objective To investigate the current status of physical development among school students in Lanzhou 2014,in order to provide the basis for the improvement of their physical quality. Methods The data of height, sitting height, weight, chest circumference and skin-fold thickness were obtained from the cross sectional study of Lanzhou Student Physical Health of 2014 and 2010 and vervaeck index were calculated. T-test was used for data analysis. Results Height, sitting height, weight, chest circumference of the students in Lanzhou all increased with age(all P<0.05). No matter students in urban or rural areas, height, sitting height, weight and chest circumference of boys were significantly higher than girls (all P<0.05). Arm skin-fold thickness and scapular skin-fold thickness of boys was lower than girls (all P<0.05). Compared with 2010, arm skin-fold thickness, scapular skin-fold thickness and vervaeck index had no obvious change. Conclusions The patterns of growth and development of students in Lanzhou are in line with the general trend. It is necessary to take steps to eliminate the urban-rural gap in Lanzhou.