中国汉族中小学生2010-2014年体质量指数和腰围身高比变化趋势

了解2010-2014年中国7~18岁汉族学生体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)和腰围身高比(waist height ratio,WHtR)的变化趋势,为防控我国儿童青少年中心性肥胖的流行提供依据.方法 选择2010年与2014年中国学生体质与健康调研数据库中身高、体重和腰围等指标完整的7~18岁229 607名汉族学生作为研究对象,分城乡、性别分析4年间BMI和WHtR的变化情况.结果 与2010年相比,2014年我国汉族7~18岁各年龄组学生的BMI和WHtR水平均增长(P值均<0.01),增幅以9岁组最高,BMI与WHtR增长Z值分别为0.15和0.18.7~ 12岁组学生的WHtR增长幅度高于BMI,13~18岁组的WHtR增长幅度低于BMI.对于男生而言,8~12岁组学生的WHtR增长幅度高于BMI的增长幅度,而其他年龄组学生的WHtR增长幅度低于BMI;对于女生而言,7~9岁组学生的WHtR增长幅度高于BMI,而10~18岁组学生的WHtR增长幅度低于BMI.虽然城市学生的BMI和WHtR水平总体上高于乡村学生,但乡村学生的增长幅度高于城市学生,特别是在7~14岁年龄组;且在12~18岁年龄组中,乡村女生的WHtR已超过城市女生.结论 总体上中国中小学生的BMI和WHtR呈均衡增长;低年龄组尤其是城市低年龄组学生WHtR的增长幅度略高于BMI;乡村学生WHtR水平逐步超过城市学生.

Comparisons of changes in BMI and waist-height ratio among Chinese Han students from 2010 to 2014

Objective To explore the changes in BMI and waist-height ratio among Chinese Han students aged 7-18 from 2010 to 2014 and to provide basis for preventing central obesity of children and adolescents in China.Methods The data of height,weight and waist circumstances of 229 607 students aged 7-18 years were selected from Chinese National Survey on students Constitution and Health in 2010 and 2014 as object of the study.And we analyzed the changes of BMI and WHtR among Chinese Han students from 2010 to 2014 stratified by sex and urban-rural disparities.Results Compared with 2010,BMI and WHtR increased significantly in 2014 in all ages(P<0.01),group of age 9 observed the most increases(Z=0.15,0.18).Among students aged 7-12,WHtR grew faster than BMI while among the students aged 13-18,it grew more slowly than BMI.For male students,WHtR grew faster than BMI among those aged 8-12 and more slowly in the others;for female students,WHtR grew faster than BMI among those aged 7-9 and more slowly in the others.For urban-rural disparity,though BMI and WHtR in urban students were generally higher than those of rural students,they grow much faster among rural students.WHtR of rural girls aged 12-18 had already beyond urban level.Conclusion In general,the students in primary and mniddle schools increased in BMI and WHtR.WHtR grows a little faster than BMI especially among urban students aged 7-15.WHtR of rural students was growing higher than urban level.