阿片类药物相关性便秘的诊疗

阿片类药物相关性便秘（opioid-induced constipation，OIC）是阿片类药物应用过程中最常见的不良反应，其困扰着癌痛患者和医务工作者，影响癌痛患者的疼痛控制。因此，控制OIC 则显得十分必要。但是关于OIC 的诊断未达成共识，有必要探讨与统一其诊断，以便交流和比较治疗效果。本研究提出了OIC 相关的诊断意见并概述了OIC 治疗，包括药物治疗和非药物治疗；同时提出OIC 预防、治疗的初步流程，以利于临床工作者方便使用。

Diagnosis and management of opioid-induced constipation

Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is the most common side effect of opioid. OIC influences the quality of life of pa-tients suffering from cancer pain. However, given that the drug is often overlooked and underappreciated, most of the time, the patients would avoid or abandon using opioid and, as a result, they continuously suffer from cancer pain. Therefore, OIC prevention and man-agement must be made before opioid use. The consensus on the diagnosis of OIC has only been reached recently. Thus, a unified defini -tion of OIC must be developed to exchange therapeutic option among departments in hospitals and compare treatment outcome. The di -agnosis of OIC is discussed, and the management of OIC, including medicinal and non- medicinal treatment, is summarized. Mean -while, the initial program for prevention and treatment of OIC is established to make OIC management more convenient for clinical physicians. Much work is still needed to establish a consensus on OIC diagnosis and a suitable program for prevention and treatment of OIC.