珠海市居民慢性病患病情况及其影响因素分析

目的 了解珠海市居民慢性病患病情况及其影响因素，为该地区慢性病的防治和管理提供参考依据。方法 采用多阶段随机抽样方法，对珠海市7个区县的3 205名15岁及以上常住居民进行问卷调查和体格检查。结果 珠海市居民自报慢性病总患病率为27.6%，患病顺位居前三位的慢性病依次是高血压（16.7%）、糖尿病（4.1%）、冠心病（3.5%）。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示，高血压患病的危险因素有年龄≥35岁、超重、肥胖和参加体育锻炼，保护因素有中等文化水平及饭菜口味清淡（均有P<0.05）；糖尿病患病的危险因素有年龄≥50岁、人均月收入≥1 000元、超重、肥胖（均有P<0.05）；冠心病的危险因素为年龄≥50岁，保护因素为每日蔬菜摄入量≥300 g（均有P<0.05）。结论 高血压、糖尿病、冠心病是珠海市居民的主要慢性病，相关部门在做好慢性病管理的同时，应开展针对性的健康教育与社区干预，是今后慢性病预防控制的重点工作。

Prevalence and influencing factors of chronic diseases among residents in Zhuhai

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of non-communicable chronic diseases among residents in Zhuhai, and to provide reference for the prevention and management of chronic diseases. Methods By multi-stage cluster random sampling method, 3 205 residents aged 15 and older from 7 districts and counties in Zhuhai were randomly selected and conducted a questionnaire survey, physical examination. Results Among residents surveyed, the total prevalence of self-reported chronic diseases was 27.6%. The top three diseases were hypertension (16.7%), diabetes (4.1%), coronary heart disease (3.5%). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that older than 35 years, overweight, obesity, physical exercise were risk factors of hypertension (all P<0.05) and the medium level of culture, the mild taste of eating food were protective factors of hypertension (all P<0.05). Older than 50 years, per capita monthly income of ≥ 1 000 yuan, overweight and obesity were risk factors of diabetes(all P<0.05). Besides, older than 50 years was risk factor of coronary heart disease, the daily intake of vegetables ≥ 300 g (all P<0.05) was protective factor of coronary heart disease. Conclusions Hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease were the major chronic diseases among residents in Zhuhai. It is a key henceforth works for the prevention and control of chronic diseases that relevant departments should do well in the management of chronic diseases while should carry out the targeted health education and community intervention.