安徽省土源性线虫病流行特征及相关因素分析

目的 掌握安徽省土源性线虫病流行特征，分析其易感因素。方法 分层整群抽取48个调查点，每个调查点调查人数不少于250人，改良加藤厚涂片法检查蛔虫、鞭虫和钩虫虫卵；透明胶纸肛拭法检查12岁以下儿童蛲虫卵；行为因素采用问卷方式进行调查；使用χ2检验和条件Logistic回归分析对土源性线虫感染的影响因素进行筛选。结果 人群总体感染率为2.41%，以钩虫感染为主。性别、年龄、职业、生活地区、人均收入及使用新鲜粪便施肥等因素与土源性线虫感染有关。结论 我省人群土源性线虫感染率已大幅下降。老人、农民、家庭妇女和低收入人群是土源性线虫病易感人群，粪便无害化处理是降低农村人群感染率有效措施。

Distribution and risk factors of soil-transmitted nematode diseases in Anhui Province

Objective To understand the distribution and risk factors of soil-transmitted nematode diseases in Anhui province. Methods A total of 48 pilotsin Anhui province were selected by stratified cluster random sampling. The number of people investigated in every pilot must be more than 250. Modified Kato-Katz thick smear was applied to examine eggs of trichuristrichiura and hookworms. Presence of the eggs of enterobiusvermicularis among children below 12 years old were examined by adhesive-tape technique. Behavior factors were investigated by questionnaire. Chi-square test and conditioned Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the risk factors of soil-transmitted nematode diseases. Results The total infection rate of soil-transmitted nematode diseases was 2.41%, among which the most common one was Hookworm infection. Sex, age, occupation, living area, average income and fertilizing fresh excreta on farmland were associated with soil-transmitted nematode diseases. Conclusions The infection rate of soil-transmitted nematode diseases decreased greatly in Anhui province.Old people, farmers, housewives and low-income people were in high risk. Night soil hazard-free treatment is an effective strategy to decrease the infection rate.