中山市城区幼儿缺铁性贫血现况调查及相关因素研究

【目的】 了解中山市城区幼儿缺铁性贫血(iron-deficiency anemia,IDA)的患病率并进行IDA相关的饮食行为危险因素分析,为幼儿IDA的防治提供依据。 【方法】 采用随机抽样方法,抽取690例幼儿为调查对象,经小儿缺铁性贫血诊断标准证实为IDA,并通过问卷调查法对患儿进行相关危险因素分析,选取同期就诊的非IDA患儿作为对照组,调查相同资料,从饮食行为方面查找本地区幼儿患IDA的危险因素。采集资料进行汇总、统计学处理和分析。 【结果】 在抽取的690例幼儿中,IDA的平均患病率为7.0%。其中13~24月龄组IDA患病率为9.7%;25~36月龄组IDA患病率为4.3%,不同年龄组间IDA患病率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。即月龄越小、患病率越高。不同性别儿童IDA患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。调查了IDA组及非IDA组13个危险因素,其中偏食、挑食(OR=9.639, 95%CI 2.241~41.465)、吃饭慢、对食物不感兴趣(OR=4.640,95%CI 1.025~21.014)、两餐间吃零食(OR=16.306,95%CI 1.749~151.982)对IDA的患病率有显著影响(P均＜0.05)。 【结论】 纠正幼儿的偏食、挑食习惯,正确指导小儿饮食行为,能够提高血红蛋白水平,对改善贫血起到一定作用。

Epidemiological investigation and analysis of relevant factors for iron-deficiency anaemia in infants of Zhongshan city

【Objective】 To discuss the incidence of the different-month-old infants with nutritional iron-deficiency anemia(IDA)and its related factors,and to make more rational strategies of prevention and treatment against iron deficiency.【Methods】 690 children whose ages were 13~24 months(group A,n=345),25~36 months(group B,n=345) were randomly selected as study subjects.Meanwhile,developing questionnaire surveyed among them.【Results】 The prevalence rates of IDA were 7.0% in children aged 13~36 months in zhongshan city,The prevalence rates were higher in children aged 13~24 months(IDA 9.7%),than children aged 25~36 months(IDA4.3%).These data showed that there were statistically significant differences(P<0.01) in respectively aged children.The three factors included in feeding behavior were closely correlated to IDA.【Conclusion】 Correcting the picky habit,and guiding the children’s diets appropriately can improve anemia.