少突胶质细胞分化的分子机理研究进展

少突胶质细胞(OL)为神经元的轴突提供髓鞘,起着支持、绝缘和营养作用,对维持电脉冲的快速和准确传递以及神经系统功能完整性十分重要。在不明原因作用下,髓鞘退化甚至消失,可引起一系列神经系统相关疾病。中枢神经系统内存在少突胶质前体细胞(OPC),具有分化成熟、再生髓鞘和修复缺损的潜力。最近的研究显示,OPC分化成熟的调控多采用逐渐解除抑制的方式使分化成熟相关基因表达而启动细胞分化与成熟。因此,了解OPC分化的分子机制,对于研究调控的关键环节或人工调控位点具有重要的理论和实际应用价值。

Recent development in molecular mechanism of oligodendrocytes differentiation

Oligodendrocytes(OL) ensheath axons with myelin sheath plays a crucial role in insulation and trophic support,and the sheath is essential for the saltatory conduction of electric impulses and integration of central nervous system(CNS) function.The sheath degradation and termed demyelination are involved in some CNS diseases,and the reason remained elucidation.The oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPC) located in CNS can potentially differentiate into OL and display a therapeutic significance.Increasing evidence shows that inhibition of differentiation is gradually released along OPC differentiation into OL.Thus the investigation of differentiation mechanism will not only provide insight into understanding of OPC differentiation,but also raises an avenue for clinical using.