Residues at P2-P1 positions of - and ζ-cleavage sites are important in formation of β-amyloid peptide |
| |
Authors: | Jianxin Tan Guozhang Mao Mei-Zhen Cui Bruce Lamb Man-Sun Sy Xuemin Xu |
| |
Institution: | aDepartment of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;bDepartment of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106;cDepartment of Neuroscience, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195 |
| |
Abstract: | Most of the Alzheimer's disease (AD)-linked mutations in amyloid precursor protein (APP), which cause abnormal production of β-amyloid (Aβ), are localized at the major β-secretase-and γ-secretase cleavage sites. In this study, using an APP-knockout mouse neuronal cell line, our data demonstrated that at the P2-P1 positions of the -cleavage site at Aβ49 and the ζ-cleavage site at Aβ46, aromatic amino acids caused a strong reduction in total Aβ. On the other hand, residues with a long side chain caused a decrease in Aβ40 and a concomitant increase in Aβ42 and Aβ38. These findings indicate that the structures of the substituting residues at these key positions strongly determine the efficiency and preference of γ-secretase-mediated APP processing, which determines the ratio of different secreted Aβ species, a crucial factor in the disease development. Our findings provide new insight into the mechanisms of γ-secretase-mediated APP processing and, specifically, into why most AD-linked APP mutations are localized at major γ-secretase cleavage sites. This information may contribute to the development of methods of prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease aimed at modulating γ-secretase activity. |
| |
Keywords: | Alzheimer's disease β -amyloid γ -secretase APP Intramembrane processing |
本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录! |
|