Cellularity in different regions of adipose tissue in young men and women

Body cell mass, body fat, and total number of fat cells were determined in young men and women. In addition, regional determinations of adipose tissue thickness, fat cell size, and fat cell number were also performed. The individuals studied were 11 male and 12 female medical students with a mean age of 22 yr. In order to avoid deviations from ideal body weights, the individuals were preselected by using anthropometric standards. The women had more body fat than the men, which was due to an increase in the total number of fat cells. Mean fat cell size did not differ significantly between sexes. The women had greater adipose tissue thickness than the men, which was primarily due to an increase in local fat cell number in all regions investigated (epigastric, hypogastric, femoral, and gluteal) except in the gluteal region, where the difference was mainly explained by larger fat cells in women. When expressed in per cent of maximum values, the intrasexual patterns of adipose tissue thickness and local fat cell number in different regions were similar in men and women, while the pattern concerning fat cell size was slightly different between the sexes. There were no differences between sexes in cholesterol, triglyceride, fasting blood sugar, or fasting insulin values. Middle-aged randomly selected men and women examined previously had a larger amount of body fat than the young men and women, respectively, examined in the present investigation. This difference in body fat with age was due to a larger mean fat cell size in the middle-aged populations, while there was no difference in total fat cell number.