甘草配伍芜花对大鼠心肝肾功能及病理形态的影响

目的探讨中药十八反中甘草与芫花同用对大鼠心、肝、肾功能及病理形态的影响.方法取单味甘草及单味药芫花各100 g,分别加水200 mL煎煮浓缩药液至50 mL,配伍组将甘草及芫花各100 g加水400 mL,煎煮浓缩药液至50 mL.20只大鼠按随机抽签法分成甘草组、芫花组、甘草加芫花组及对照组4组,每组各5只大鼠,采用灌胃法,药物剂量按0.02 mL/g大鼠计算,每日灌胃1次,连续7 d;对照组灌服生理盐水.观察大鼠心、肝、肾功能及病理形态的变化.结果甘草组及对照组的心、肝、肾功能均无明显变化;单味芫花可致大鼠肝功中谷丙转氨酶(alaninetransaminase,ALT)升高(1 493.13±150.20)nkat/L],与对照组、甘草组(687.30±67.01),(723.64±71.01)nkat/L]比较,t=10.96,10.36,P＜0.05;心肌酶谱中肌酸激酶升高,与对照组、甘草组比较,t=9.70,9.76,P＜0.05;乳酸脱氢酶(1actic dehydrogenase,LDH),γ-羟丁酸脱氢酶(γ-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase,γ-HBD)升高,与对照组、甘草组比较,t=11.34～12.82,P＜0.05;配伍甘草后以上指标升高更加明显,ALT,肌酸肌酶,LDH,γ-HBD 值与对照组、甘草组及芫花比较,t=13.40～20.55,P＜0.01,t=7.16,12.46,P＜0.05,t=0.79,P＞0.05.心、肝、肾脏组织病理检查显示,心脏间质血管充血、肝血管充血、肝细胞浊肿、肾小球间质充血、肾小管上皮轻度浊肿等.结论单味芜花对动物肝功能及心肌酶谱等指标有一定影响,但配伍甘草后对以上指标的影响有加重的趋势,对大鼠心、肝、肾脏组织病理形态有一定影响,甘草、芫花同用后可能存在着配伍禁忌,对大鼠心、肝、肾脏有一定损害作用.

Influence of gancao + yuanhua on functions and morphology of heart,liver and kidney of rats

AIM: To study the incompatibility of gancao(Licquorice Root, Radix Glycyrrhizae) and yuanhua(Lilac Daphne, Flos Genkwa) with their influence on the functions and morphology of heart, liver and kidney of rats.METHODS: Decoct gancao 100 g with water 200 mL till 50 mL left. Decoct Yuanhua 100 g with water 200mL till 50 mL left. Decoct gancao 100 g and yuanhua 100 g together with water 400 mL till 50 mL left. Twenty rats were randomized into 4 groups with 5 in each: gancao, yuanhua, gancao + yuanhua, and control groups. The gastric perfusion of decoction with a dosage of 0.02 mL/g was given daily, 7 days in succession, and normal saline was perfused in the control group, to observe the changes of functions and morphology in the heart, liver, and kidney of rats.RESULTS: In the ganca o and control groups, there are not obvious changes of the heart, liver, and kidney functions. In the yuanhua group, the alanine transaminase(ALT) is increased (1 493.13 ± 150. 20) nkat/L], compared with the control group (687.30+67.01) nkat/L] and gancao group (723.64 +71.01) nkat/L], t = 10.96, 10. 36, P ＜ 0. 05; the creatine kinase (CK) was increased, compared with the control and gancao groups, t=9.70, 9.76, P ＜ 0.05; the lactic dehydrogenase(LDH) and γ-hydroxybutyric dehydrogennse(γ-HBD) were increased, compared with the control and gancao groups, t = 11.34 - 12. 82, P ＜ 0. 05. When gancao was used together with yuanhua, i. e., in the gancao + yuanhua group, the increase of the above indices was more remarkable; compared ALT, CK,LDH, and γ-HBD with those of the control, gancao, and yuanhua groups, t =13. 40 - 20. 55, P ＜0. 01, t = 7.16,12. 46, P ＜0.05, t=0.79, P＞0.05; the histopathological findings were vascular congestion of interstitial tissue of heart, vascular congestion of liver, cloudy swelling of hypatocytes,congestion of interstitial tissue of glomeruli, and mild cloudy swelling of epithelia of renal tubules.CONCLUSION: Yuanhua infiuences the rat liver functions and myocardial zymogram. When gancao is used in combination, these influences are aggravated, and there find some histomorphological changes of heart, liver and kidney as well. The possibility is that the incompatibility between gancao and yuanhua exists, damaging the heart, liver, and kidney.