社会支持对农村留守儿童问题行为的影响:希望感的中介作用

目的:探讨希望感在社会支持对留守儿童问题行为影响中的中介作用。方法:采用长处和困难问卷、领悟社会支持问卷与希望感量表对1238名11~17岁留守儿童进行问卷调查,其中男生547人,女生691人。结果:(1)独立样本t检验显示,农村留守儿童的希望感、内化问题行为和亲社会行为均存在显著的性别差异(t=2.682,-3.228,-3.310;P0.01);(2)相关分析显示,社会支持与外化问题行为(r=-0.202,P0.01)和内化问题行为(r=-0.125,P0.01)呈显著负相关,与希望感(r=0.510,P0.01)、亲社会行为(r=0.370,P0.01)呈显著正相关,希望感与外化问题行为呈显著负相关(r=-0.138,P0.01),与亲社会行为呈显著正相关(r=0.366,P0.01);(3)多元线性回归分析对中介效应的检验表明,希望感在社会支持与外化问题行为、亲社会行为之间均起部分中介效应,中介效应分别占总效应的11.1%、32.3%。结论:农村留守儿童社会支持、问题行为、希望感三者关系密切,且希望感在社会支持和外化问题行为、亲社会行为之间起中介作用。

The Influence of Social Support on Rural Left-behind Children's Problem Behaviors: The Mediating Effects of Hope

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of hope between social support and left-behind children's problem behaviors.Methods:Using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire,understanding social support questionnaire and hope scale to survey 1238 left behind children with 11 to 17 years,in which there were 547 boys and 691 girls.Results:①There were significant gender differences in hope,internalizing problem behavior and pro-social behavior(t=2.682,-3.228,3.310;P＜0.01) of rural left-behind children;②Pearson correlation analysis showed that social support was negatively correlated to externalizing problem behavior (r =-0.202,P ＜ 0.01) and internalizing problem behavior(r =-0.125,P＜0.01),positively correlated to hope(r=0.510,P＜0.01)and pro-social behavior(r =0.370,P ＜0.01),and that hope was negatively correlated to externalizing problem behavior(r =-0.138,P ＜0.01),positively correlated to pro-social behavior (r-0.366,P ＜ 0.01);③ Hierarchical linear modeling showed hope had mediating effect with externalizing problem behavior,pro-social behavior and social support and the mediating effect accounted for 11.1 ％,32.3 ％ of the total effect;Conclusion:There are close relationships between social support,problem behavior and hope in rural left-behind children.And hope plays an important role to mediate the effect of social support on externalizing problem behavior and pro-social behavior.