体育锻炼影响女大学生抑郁的多重中介效应

目的:分析女大学生体育锻炼、抑郁之间的关系,探讨社会支持、应对方式在体育锻炼与抑郁之间的中介作用。方法:抽取某高校255名女大学生,采用体育活动等级量表、抑郁自评量表、社会支持评定量表、大学生应对方式问卷进行调查;利用层级回归与偏差矫正的非参数百分位Bootstrap方法对社会支持与应对方式的中介效应进行分析与检验。结果:(1)体育活动量与抑郁显著负相关(r=-0.160,P0.05);(2)在社会支持与应对方式的所有因子中,只有主观支持、问题解决两因子与体育活动量(r=0.163,P0.05;r=-0.174,P0.01)和抑郁(r=-0.316,P0.01;r=0.283,P0.01)都相关显著;(3)多重中介模型分析和Bootstrap检验显示,主观支持与问题解决在体育锻炼与抑郁之间的并行多重中介作用的效应显著,其效应量占总效应量的51%,而体育锻炼对抑郁的直接作用不显著;在多重中介作用中,主观支持、问题解决的个别中介作用效应都显著,它们的中介效应量分别占总效应的27%、24%。结论:体育锻炼对于缓解女大学生抑郁具有积极作用;体育锻炼可通过主观支持与问题解决两条路径间接影响女大学生的抑郁水平,主观支持与问题解决在体育锻炼与女大学生抑郁间起并行多重中介作用。

Multiple Mediation Effects Between Physical Exercise and Depression of Female College Students

Objective:To analyze the relationship between physical exercise and depression of female college students,and explore the multiple mediation effects of coping style and social support between physical exercise and depression of female college students.Methods:A total of 255 female college students from a university were selected and investigated by using PARS-3,SDS,SSRS and CSCSQ.The multiple mediation effects of coping style and social support were tested by using the hierarchical regression and the bias-corrected non parametric percent Bootstrap method.Results:①The amount of physical activity and depression was negatively correlated.② In all the factors of social support and coping style,only the subjective support and the problem solving were significantly related to the amount of physical activity and depression.③Multiple mediation model analysis and bootstrap test displayed that the parallel multiple mediation of subjective support and problem solving were significant between the amount of physical activity and depression,the effect size accounted for 51％ of the total effect,and the direct effect of physical exercise on depression was not significant.In the multiple mediation,both the subjective support and the problem solving had a significant effect,and their mediating effects were 27 ％ and 24 ％ respectively.Conclusion:Physical exercise has a positive effect on relieving depression of female college students,physical exercise can affect the depression of female college students by subjective support and problem solve two paths indirectly.Subjective support and problem solving can play a parallel multiple mediation role in physical exercise and depression of female college students.