临床实习压力对医学生心理健康影响的调查

目的:调查临床实习压力对医学生心理健康的影响,为开展实习期医学生心理健康工作提供相关依据和支持。方法:采用Beck-Srivastava压力量表(BSSI)对586名处于临床实习期间医学生面临的压力源及压力强度情况进行初步检测,进一步结合症状自评量表(SCL-90)及状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI)对其心理健康状况进行综合调查。结果:(1)临床实习期间,医学生的压力主要集中在学习压力、经济压力、临床实践和人际关系4个方面,其检出率普遍超过60%,且BSSI单因子得分均在3分以上。男生在学习压力及经济压力2个因子得分高于女生,在临床实践及人际关系2个因子得分低于女生,但差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);(2)临床实习期间医学生在SCL-90的9个因子得分均超过国内常模,且在人际关系、抑郁、焦虑及恐怖4个因子得分差异有统计学意义(t=8.5011,5.0781,27.5146,3.4907;P0.05)。男生在SCL-90的敌对性、偏执及精神病性3个因子得分高于女生,但差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);女生在SCL-90的躯体化、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑和恐怖6个因子得分高于男生,且在抑郁和焦虑2个因子得分差异有统计学意义(t=-4.2678,-3.7579;P0.05);(3)临床实习期间医学生在STAI的状态焦虑(S-AI)的得分高于标准常模,且差异有统计学意义(t=8.3293,P0.05),在STAI的特质焦虑(T-AI)的得分低于标准常模,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05);女生在S-AI及T-AI得分均高于男生,但差异均无统计学意义(t=-0.5390,-1.4026;P0.05)。结论:临床实习会对医学生造成较大的压力,进而导致一定的心理健康问题,尤其是会诱发较为严重的焦虑情绪。

The Influence of Stress in Clinical Practice on the Mental Health of College Students

Objective :To research the influence of stress of clinical practice on the mental health of college students during clinical practice ,to provide theoretical basis and data support for the development of mental health of medical students in the internship period .Methods :Using BSSI to investigate the pressure of 586 college students during clini-cal practice ,combined with SCL - 90 and STAI to test the mental health of the students .Results :① The main stress source of college students during clinical practice were study stress ,economic pressure ,clinical practice and interper-sonal relationship ,the detection rate were almost all higher than 60% ,and the single factor score of BSSI were all higher than 3 points .The score of study tress and economic stress of male students were all higher than the females , and the score of clinical practice and interpersonal relationship of students of male students were all lower than the females ,but all the differences had no statistically significance ( P > 0 .05 ) .② The score of SCL - 90 of college students during clinical practice were all higher than the national norm ,and the differences in interpersonal relation-ship ,depression ,anxiety and fear had statistically significance (t = 8 .5011 ,5 .0781 ,27 .5146 ,3 .4907 ;P < 0 .05) .The factor score of hostility ,paranoid and psychosis - like symptoms of male students were all higher than the female , but all the differences had no statistically significance(P > 0 .05) .The factor score of somatization ,compulsion ,inter-personal relationship ,depression ,anxiety and fear of female students were all higher than the males ,but only the in depression and anxiety had statistically significance (t = -4 .2678 ,-3 .7579 ;P < 0 .05) .③ The score of S - AI of college students during clinical practice were higher than the national norm ,and the differences had statistically significance (t = 8 .3293 ,P < 0 .05) ,the score of T - AI of college students during clinical practice were lower than the national norm ,but the differences had no statistically significance (P > 0 .05) .The score of S - AI and T - AI of female students were all higher than the males ,but all the differences had no statistically significance (P > 0 .05) .Conclu-sion :The clinical practice can cause great pressure to the mental health of college students during clinical practice , and it may cause some influence to their mental health ,especially may cause more serious state anxiety .