大学生心理健康与人格特质的相关

目的:了解大学生心理健康与人格特征的关系。方法:运用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和卡特尔16种人格因素问卷(16PF)对随机选取的某民办高校3310名大学新生进行调查。结果:(1)心理健康问题检出率13.05%,男女之间有统计学差异(χ~2=4.519,P0.05);(2)男女生在敌对(t=2.340,P0.05)、偏执(t=4.984,P0.001)、焦虑(t=~2.902,P0.01)和恐怖(t=-3.793,P0.001)4个因子有显著性差异;(3)相对于全国大学生常模和中国青年常模,大学新生表现出较好(P0.001)和较差心理健康水平。SCL-90各因子与敏感性、怀疑性、忧虑性、独立性和紧张性呈显著正相关(r=0.052~0.513);(4)回归分析表明,人格特质可解释大学生心理健康0.5%~31.1%变异量。结论:大学新生心理健康与人格特质关系密切。

The Relationship Between Mental Health and Personality Traits of College Students

Objective:To explore the relationship between mental health and personality characteristics of freshmen.Methods:SCL-90 and 16PF were used to make a survey of 3310 university students.Results:①13.05％ offreshmen had mental problems,there was asignificant difference between male and female(x2=4.519,P ＜0.05).② Boys and girls had significant difference in hostile(t =2.340,P ＜ 0.05),paranoia (t =4.984,P ＜ 0.001),anxiety (t =-2.902,P＜0.01)and terror(t=-3.793,P＜0.001).③Each factor of SCL-90 had significantly positive correlations with sensitivity,doubt,anxiety,independence and tension(r =0.052 ～ 0.513).④ Mental health could explain 8.2 ％-31.1 ％ total variance of the personality traits.Conclusion:The mental health has close relationship with their personality traits.