大学生学校道德氛围感知与攻击行为的关系:惩罚倾向的中介作用

目的:探究惩罚倾向在大学生学校道德氛围感知与攻击行为之间的中介作用。方法:采用自编大学生学校道德氛围问卷、攻击行为问卷、惩罚倾向分量表对505名在校大学生进行问卷调查。结果:学校道德氛围感知在学生干部、年级方面差异显著(P0.05),在性别、居住地、是否独生子女方面的差异不具有统计学意义(P0.05)。学校道德氛围感知各因子与惩罚倾向呈负相关(r=-0.135~-0.103,P0.05)。惩罚倾向与攻击行为各因子呈正相关(r=0.228~0.424,P0.001)。学校道德氛围感知各因子分别与攻击行为中的愤怒、身体攻击、敌对呈负相关(r=-0.208~-0.114,P0.001),与言语攻击相关不显著(P0.05)。大学生学校道德氛围感知既可直接影响攻击行为,又可通过惩罚倾向对其产生间接影响,中介效应占总效应的比例为20.90%。结论:增强校园道德氛围有利于降低大学生的惩罚倾向,对其攻击行为具有弱化作用。

Relationship Between Perception of School Moral Atmosphere and Aggressive Behavior in Undergraduates:The Mediating Role of Punitivity

Objective:To explore the mediating role of punitivity on the relationship between students' perception of school moral atmosphere and aggression.Methods:A total of 505 undergraduates were selected to fulfill the School Moral Atmosphere Scale,Aggressive behavior Scale and Punitivity Scale.Results:The perception of school moral atmosphere had a significant difference between those who were student leaders or not,so did the different grades(P＜0.05).But there were no significant differences in gender,place of residence,and whether the student was singlechild(P＞0.05).The perception of school moral atmosphere was negatively correlated with punitivity(r=-0.135～-0.103,P＜0.05).Punitivity was positively correlated with aggression(r =0.228～0.424,P＜0.001).The perception of school moral atmosphere was negatively correlated with anger,physical attack,and hostility(r =-0.208～-0.114,P ＜0.001),but was not correlated with verbal attack(P＞0.05).Students' perception of school moral atmosphere directly affected aggressive behavior(r =-0.354),and punitivity partially mediated the relationship between them.The intermediary effect of total effect ratio was 20.90 ％.Conclusion:High perception of school moral atmosphere contributes to lower punitivity and protects undergraduates from aggression.