失眠对某医学院校学生学习记忆的影响

目的:调查某医学院校学生的睡眠现状并行记忆检测,探讨失眠对医学生学习记忆的影响。方法:采用睡眠日志、阿森斯失眠量表、抑郁自评量表和埃普沃斯嗜睡量表等对该校一年级学生行睡眠质量筛查,进一步明确失眠诊断后利用自由词回忆(即刻回忆、延时回忆)、类别产生和运动序列任务检测学习记忆能力。结果:发放调查问卷200份,回收193份(96.5%)。结果显示,失眠学生所占比例为12.4%,与以往研究一致。失眠组的即刻回忆、延时回忆和运动序列任务成绩均显著差于对照组(Z=4.152,3.695,4.020;P0.001),而类别产生任务成绩无组间差异(Z=0.106,P=0.683)。分层研究显示,抑郁倾向组的即刻回忆、延时回忆和运动序列任务成绩均差于单纯失眠组(Z=5.152,4.695,3.275;P0.001)。随访3年后学习成绩排名显示,失眠组学生的成绩排名较对照组学生有明显下滑(Z=3.357,P0.001)。结论:该医学院校失眠学生占有一定比例,失眠对学生学习记忆有一定影响,且有抑郁倾向的失眠学生记忆受损更明显,长期以往进而导致学习成绩的下滑。

The Effect of Insomnia on Learning and Memory of Students in a Medical Specialist College

Objective:To investigate sleep status and test memory ability of students in medical specialist college, and explore the effect of insomnia on the learning and memory ability of medical students.Methods:Sleep quality of the school freshmen was assessed via a survey consisting of the Athens Insomnia Scale,the Self—Rating Depression Scale and Arp Worth sleepiness scale.Learning and memory of students who sufferred from insomnia were tested by free word recall(immediate recall and delayed recall),category generation and mote sequence tasks.Results:200 ques-tionnaires were sent out,receiving 193 efficient questionnaires with 96.5% retrieving rate.The survey found that the proportion of insomnia students was 12.4%.The insomnia group was significantly worse than the control group in the immediate recall,delayed recall and mote sequence task(Z=4.152,3.695,4.020;P<0.001),while there was sig-nificant difference between two groups in category generation test.The stratification studies had shown that the per-formance of insomnia students with depression tendency were worse than simple insomnia group in the immediate recall,delayed recall and movement sequence task(Z=5.152,4.695,3.275;P<0.001).After 3 years of follow—up academic rankings insomnia group of students score more poorly than the control group students had a marked de-cline(Z=3.357,P<0.001).Conclusion:The medical college has a certain proportion of insomnia students.Insomnia has a negative influence on students'memory,especially in students with depressive tendencies.