退休人员社会支持、自尊与心理健康的关系

目的:以退休人员社会支持、自尊及心理健康的现状为基础,分析社会支持、自尊和心理健康之间的关系。方法:本研究采用社会支持评定量表、自尊量表、老年抑郁量表、费城老年中心信心量表对北京市城区550名退休人员进行调查,分析社会支持、自尊、抑郁及主观幸福感的关系,并采用结构方程模型法检验自尊在社会支持与抑郁、主观幸福感之间的中介作用。结果:社会支持与抑郁呈显著负相关(r=-0.24,P0.01),与主观幸福感呈显著正相关(r=0.29,P0.01),自尊在社会支持与抑郁、主观幸福感之间起到部分中介作用。结论:社会支持是维持退休人员心理健康的重要因素,良好的社会支持有利于提升自尊,进而有助于提升主观幸福感、降低抑郁。

Relationship of the Retirees' Social support,Self-esteem and Mental Health

Objective:To investigate the present situation of the retirees' social support,self-esteem and mental health,and analyze the relationship among them.Methods:This research adopted 《 social support rating scale》,《 self-esteem scale》,《the Geriatric Depression Scale-short version》,《Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale》to investigate 550 retirees of 5 communities in Beijing downtown,and then analyzed their relationship,used the causal steps approach,bootstrapping and structural equation model to verify the mediating effect of self-esteem between social support and depression,subjective well-being.Results:Social Support was significantly and negatively correlated with depression(r=-0.24,P＜0.01),and significantly correlated with subjective well-being(r =0.29,P＜0.01);Between social support and subjective well-being,self-esteem played a role of mediator.Conclusion:Social support is an important factor maintaining the retirees'mental health,a good condition of social support is favor of developing healthy self-esteem,and then helps to improve subjective well-being,reduce depression.