阿尔茨海默病患者照料者生命质量与社会支持的关系

目的:探讨阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者照料者生命质量水平的现状以及影响生命质量的因素,反映AD患者照料者的身心健康水平,同时为AD患者照料者的相关研究提供理论依据。方法:采用健康测量量表(SF-36)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对200名AD患者照料者进行问卷调查。结果:(1)不同居住地的AD患者照料者在生理功能(t=-4.324,P0.001)、生理职能(t=-2.902,P0.01)、身体疼痛(t=3.918,P0.001)、总体健康(t=-4.041,P0.001)、社会支持各维度及社会支持总分(t=-5.787,P0.001)上存在差异;(2)与患者关系不同的AD患者照料者在生理功能(F=4.057,P0.05)、生理职能(F=6.808,P0.01)、身体疼痛(F=25.768,P0.001)、总体健康(F=8.448,P0.001)、活力(F=10.514,P0.001)、社会功能(F=3.235,P0.05)、精神健康(F=7.078,P0.01)、社会支持各维度上及社会支持总分(F=11.939,P0.001)、生命质量总分(F=3.531,P0.05)差异具有显著性;(3)不同家庭人均月收入的AD患者照料者在生命质量各维度(除精神健康)及社会支持总分(F=3.718~30.938,P0.001)上差异具有显著性;(4)社会支持得分与生命质量总分、生理职能、情感职能、总体健康、精神健康均呈显著正相关(r=0.315,0.361,0.243,0.384,0.283;P0.01)。结论:(1)AD患者照料者的生命质量、社会支持水平受居住地、与患者关系、家庭人均月收入的影响。(2)社会支持越强,AD患者照料者的生命质量水平越高。

The Relationship between Quality of Life of Caregivers of Alzheimer's Disease Patients and Social Support

Objective:To explore the status of caregivers of Alzheimer's disease (AD)patients quality of life and quality of life factors,reflecting the physical and mental health of caregivers of AD patients,simultaneously provide the theory basis for the study of caregivers of AD patients.Methods:The health survey scale (SF-36),social support rating scale (SSRS)were used to investigate 00 caregivers of AD patients.Results:①There were differences in physi-ological function (t=-4.324,P<0.001),physiological function (t=-2.902,P<0.01),bodily pain (t=3.918,P<0.001),general health (t=-4.041,P<0.001),each dimension of social support and social support (t=-5.787,P<0.001)among different residence of caregivers of AD patients.②There were significant differences in physiological function (F=4.057,P<0.05),physiological function (F=6.808,P<0.01),bodily pain (F=25.768,P<0.001), general health (F=8.448,P<0.001)(F=10.514,P<0.001),vitality,social function (F=3.235,P<0.05),mental health (F=7.078,P<0.01),each dimension of social support and social support scores (F=11.939,P<0.001), quality of life score (F=3.531,P<0.05)among caregivers with different close relationship with patients.③There were significant differences in all dimensions of quality of life (except mental health)and social support (F=3.718~30.938,P<0.001)among caregivers with different monthly income.④Social support score were significantly posi-tively correlated to the total score of quality of life,physiological function,emotional function ,overall health,mental health(r=0.315,0.361,0.243,0.384,0.283,P<0.01).Conclusion:①The quality of life and social support level of caregivers of AD patients are affected by residence,relationships with patients and family income.②The stronger so-cial support is,the higher level of quality of life of patients with AD higher caregivers.